Fortress of Cesena and a large building
Freehand sketches of a hilltop stronghold with an avenue, and a large edifice drawn upside down
Pen sketches record a hilltop fortress reached by a tree-lined avenue, captioned as the Rocca di Cesena. A second, larger building is drawn upside down on the sheet. The notes belong to Leonardo's observations gathered during the Cesare Borgia campaigns.
On this page
Hilltop fortress with approach avenue
A fortified structure sits on rising ground, approached by a converging avenue drawn with rows of small marks like planted trees or palisades. The caption names it the fortress (rocca) of Cesena.
Large building drawn upside down
A substantial building with crenellated walls, a projecting bastion-like base and rows of openings is sketched across the lower sheet. The note marks it as a large edifice drawn upside down (capovolto) relative to the page.