1. Every body is surrounded by an extreme surface.

2. Each surface is full of infinite points.

3. Every point makes a ray.

4. The ray is composed of infinite and diverging lines.

6. In each point of the length of whatever line there intersect lines departed from points of the surface of bodies, and they make a pyramid.

7. Each line occupies the whole point where it is born.

8. In the extreme tip of each pyramid there intersect lines departed from the whole and from the parts of bodies, so that from that extreme one can see the whole and the parts.

9. The air found between bodies is full of the intersections made by the raying similitudes of those bodies.

10. The similitudes of the figures and colours of each body are transferred from one to another by pyramid.

11. Each body fills the surrounding air, by means of these rays, with infinite similitudes of itself.

5. The similitude of each point is throughout the whole and throughout the part of the line caused by that point.

6. Each point of the one object is, by similitude, capable of the entire base of the other.

7. Each body makes itself the base of innumerable and infinite pyramids.

8. That pyramid which is born among more equal angles will give a truer similitude of the body from which it is born.

9. One same base makes itself the cause of innumerable and infinite pyramids turned in various concurrences and of various lengths.

10. The tip of each pyramid has within itself the entire similitude of its base.

The central line of the pyramids is full of infinite tips of other pyramids.

The one pyramid passes through the other without confusion of itself.

The quality of the base will be in every part of the length of the pyramid.

That tip of the pyramid which within itself includes all those that are born on the same angles will be less a shower of the body from which it departs than any other that it encloses within itself.

The pyramid of thinner tip will show less the true form and quality of the body where it is born.

That pyramid will be thinner which will have the angles of its base more unlike one another.

That pyramid which is shorter will transform with greater variety the equal and even parts of its base.

Upon the same quality of angles will be born infinite lengths of pyramid.

The pyramid of thicker tip, more than any other, will tinge the place struck by it with the colour of the body from which it derives.