Codex Arundel

Physics & MechanicsBalance-arm weights, and the opening of a new collection

Physics & MechanicsBalance arms and weights hung from angled cords

Physics & MechanicsThe oscillating ("ventilating") motion and its impetus

Physics & MechanicsThree kinds of oscillating motion; weights on oblique cords

Physics & MechanicsDescent on oblique lines, centre of gravity, and balancing by proportion

Physics & MechanicsWeights on angled cords: real arms, potential arms, and their loads

Physics & MechanicsLightening of a weight on its support; a cord pulled by two powers

Physics & MechanicsWeights Hung on Angled Cords, with a Rule-of-Three Problem

Physics & MechanicsHow a Suspended Weight Varies with the Angle of Its Supports

Physics & MechanicsPotential and Real Levers; a Body Falling Through Water

Physics & MechanicsAccidental Weight, Centres of Gravity, and Unequal Balance Arms

Physics & MechanicsElements of Machines: the Weight at a Cord's Angle

Physics & MechanicsHow a Loaded Rod Shares Its Weight, and How Cords Break

Physics & MechanicsLevers, balances and the angled cord bearing weights

Blank leaf (folio 15r)

Blank leaf (folio 15v)

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of squares, trapezia and triangles

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of the triangle and the pentagon

Physics & MechanicsThe rebound of a struck body and the angle of its bounce

Physics & MechanicsA ball rebounding within a circle: the gentlest percussion

GeometryMoon-spots, and proportionalities for the angle of incidence

Optics & LightConstructing the angle of incidence within a circle

Optics & LightOn the angle of incidence: the best-lit point of a circle

Optics & LightFinding the angle of incidence on a spherical mirror

Machines & DevicesA new bellows for caulking a hull at sea

Machines & DevicesBellows with contrary valves for furnaces

Optics & LightAngle of incidence on a spherical mirror

Blank opening: verso of f. 22 and recto of f. 23

Optics & LightThe sun's image reflected in rippling water

HydraulicsHow rivers and rain wear away mountains and banks

GeometryA short method for measuring distance

GeometryCombining and subtracting squares and circles

GeometrySumming a progression and finding square roots geometrically

Blank verso of folio 27

Optics & LightReflection in a convex mirror: locating the image

AstronomyDoes the moon shine by its own light or as a mirror?

HydraulicsHow rivers cut mountains and widen valleys

HydraulicsBook 7 on water: currents that hollow banks and beds

HydraulicsRiver Courses Between Their Banks in Flood and Low Water

HydraulicsThe Behaviour and Eddies of River Water

Physics & MechanicsThe Angular Balance and Centres of Gravity

Physics & MechanicsBalance arms, centres of gravity, and a refutation of Alberti

Physics & MechanicsRods, Cords and the Balance of Equal Arms

GeometryTriangular Balance Problems and a Semicircle Riddle

HydraulicsA Programme of Books on Rivers and Water

Physics & MechanicsBuoyancy-driven wheel and a list of books on water

Physics & MechanicsBalances, the centre of the world, waves and crossbow range

Blank leaf with faint show-through and British Museum stamps

Arithmetic & ProportionTheory of proportion; the four powers and the nature of gravity

Physics & MechanicsThe kinship of weight, force and percussion

Physics & MechanicsBalances with friction: equilibrium on equal and unequal arms

Physics & MechanicsFriction of a loaded roller and its counterweight

Physics & MechanicsThe moved body and its mover: modes of relative motion

Fables & ProseProphecies, fables and an inventory, with motion studies

Figure StudiesThe folds of the limbs' joints, with a spiral line

GeometryProportional figures and water likened to the body's blood

HydraulicsWater's perpetual circulation and a plan for a book on water

HydraulicsGroynes in a river bend and a lettered proportion figure

HydraulicsThe ceaseless turnings of water and the sponge analogy

HydraulicsConcave mirrors, the cloud as a bombard, and water reshaping the earth

Sculpture & CastingFoundry vessels and filling a form with bronze rods for casting

Machines & DevicesA proportional compass, a dyers' cauldron, and rules of motion

Sculpture & CastingFoundry notes: an iron core for the casting mould

Optics & LightGeometric construction for the origin of a reflected ray

Blank opening: verso of f.54 and recto of f.49

Physics & MechanicsPower proportioned to its load, with geometric and tube studies

Near-blank leaves: a faint figure on f.53v, f.50r blank

GeometryTriangles on a common base: areas as their heights

GeometryCompass-drawn figure of interlinked circles on f.52v

Blank opening: verso of f.51 and recto of f.52

HydraulicsRiver meanders eroding mountain roots; mill and weight notes

Blank verso of the sheet (ff. 60v, 63r)

GeometrySimilar triangles and the angle of incidence in mirrors

Painting & PerspectiveNatural perspective mixed with accidental perspective

GeometryArcs are not proportional to their chords and sagittae

Optics & LightThe bird's eye and the angle of incidence on a sphere

Physics & MechanicsHeavy bodies falling to the centre of the world

Blank facing pages (ff. 65v, 68r)

Physics & MechanicsThe angular balance and equal weights on unequal arms

Physics & MechanicsEquilibrium of balances with unequal arms and weights

Physics & MechanicsThe three centres of gravity of a heavy body

Blank facing pages (ff. 69v, 72r)

Optics & LightMirrors and the simulacrum, with a note on Roger Bacon

GeometryGeometrical constructions and a note on double proportion of motion

Optics & LightConcave burning mirror: angle of incidence and the converging light pyramid

GeometryLargely blank sheet with faint show-through (ff. 73v, 78r)

GeometrySurfaces of solids and the squaring of the lune

Machines & DevicesGraphite sketch of a columned frame on a wheeled base

Physics & MechanicsThe science of the balance: weights, arms and the centre of the world

GeometryFaint geometric figure amid show-through writing (ff. 75v-76r)

Physics & MechanicsAxioms of power, weight, and proportion (f. 79r)

Machines & DevicesPulleys and toothed wheels raising weights (f. 79v)

Physics & MechanicsPercussion, rebound, and weights on pulley cords (ff. 92v-80r)

Physics & MechanicsThe science of the blow, impetus, and rebound (ff. 80v-92r)

Physics & MechanicsPushing versus pulling; the force of screws and wedges (f. 81r)

Physics & MechanicsThe bounce: percussion versus impetus in falling bodies

Physics & MechanicsA taxonomy of the motions and blows of heavy bodies

Physics & MechanicsAngle of rebound equals angle of incidence

Blank leaf (ff. 89v and 83r)

Physics & MechanicsPercussion gives height, impetus gives distance

GeometryProportional grid and a fan of construction lines

Optics & LightBurning mirrors: focusing sunlight in a concave mirror

Physics & MechanicsReflected cold, and the bounce of a struck heavy body

Optics & LightThe law of equal angles for incident and reflected rays

Optics & LightSeparating the rays of a concave mirror

Optics & LightWhich concave mirror kindles fire fastest

Physics & MechanicsImpetus against percussion, and land measures

Optics & LightWhy a reflection on water cannot match the object

AstronomyOf the Moon: Mirrors, Rays and the Moon's Essence

AstronomyOf the Moon: Reflected Sunlight and the New Moon's Brightness

Physics & MechanicsWhy Heavy Bodies Descend: Gravity and the Balance

Optics & LightFinding the Point of Reflection on a Spherical Mirror

Physics & MechanicsOf Birds: Falling Bodies, Obliquity and Pulley-Ropes

Physics & MechanicsOf the Gravity of the Excess: Tackles and Air Resistance

GeometryReflection angles at a circle, with geometric constructions

Largely blank verso of folio 97

Optics & LightNote on light cast through a round aperture

Optics & LightThe nature of mirrors: rays and pyramids of species

Physics & MechanicsWhich prop best supports a loaded beam; lever forces

Blank opening (ff. 99v-102r)

Optics & LightOptical Notes on How Lines, Angles and Shadows Meet the Eye

Optics & LightCancelled Notes in a Second Hand

Physics & MechanicsImpact and Rebound: the Angle of a Bouncing Body

Optics & LightText in a Second Hand on Light and Shadow

Physics & MechanicsFalling weights, and why the moon does not shine like the sun

GeometryGeometric Figures: Polyhedra, Squares and Cylinders

Physics & MechanicsLoads on Cords and Beams; Dividing Numbers by Proportion

Physics & MechanicsDistributing a load between the cords of a suspended beam

Physics & MechanicsFinding the centers of gravity of a cone and its pyramids

Blank opening (ff. 108v, 111r)

GeometryFaint radiating-line constructions with an arc

GeometryGeometric construction on a perpendicular through n m r q

Optics & LightOn the light seen in the eye and how the eye sees light

Blank leaf with faint show-through

Painting & PerspectiveHow trees and buildings look under an overcast sky

Painting & PerspectiveThe blue of distant landscapes and the colours of leaves

Physics & MechanicsLever and counter-lever: the potential arm equals the real arm

Physics & MechanicsThe science of levers: potential and real arms

Physics & MechanicsBalances analysed by right-angled pendants and arms

Physics & MechanicsStatics of cords and supports: how weight is shared

Physics & MechanicsMotion, weight, and wheels: the mover and the moved

Physics & MechanicsFalling-body experiments and a bastion of living willows

HydraulicsIndex for a treatise on rivers, with a wing and calculations

Near-blank leaf with faint offsets and collection stamps

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of a body and its parts

Physics & MechanicsCenters of gravity of wedges and pyramids

Physics & MechanicsA balance with two pivots, and studies of weights

HydraulicsWaves, wind on water, and the circles of birds' flight

Civil EngineeringDesign notes for an earth-moving excavation machine

Machines & DevicesEfficiency defects of the earth-moving wheel machine

Physics & MechanicsImpetus and percussion in the rebound of a moving body

Physics & MechanicsThe infinite variability of percussion

Blank recto with folio number and British Museum stamp

HydraulicsSand ripples, weights on inclined lines, and birds in flight

Geometry'Nothing', percussion, and the centre of gravity of a semicircle

GeometryNearly blank spread with three geometric box figures

GeometryOn 'nothing', the arithmetical zero, and Vespucci's geometry book

GeometryBoundaries of bodies, the point, and weights on cords and a wheel

HydraulicsStraight river-beds, river bends, and a bird riding the wind

HydraulicsWater waves, reflected light rays, and a well-bucket hoist

Machines & DevicesA reed-wheel musical canon, drums, and studies of liquid motion

Figure StudiesProfile heads, a balancing nude, and the impetus of a bombard

ArchitectureCracks in walls, splitting vaults, foundations, and earth's strata

ArchitectureBuilding studies: arches, vaults, a dome, and cracked walls

Physics & MechanicsSimple and compound motion; the descent of flame

Machines & DevicesThe serpentine motion of flame, with mechanical sketches

Machines & DevicesBraziers, a study of the motions of fire, and a curve made square

Near-blank facing leaves (ff. 142v, 145r)

Physics & MechanicsThe pouring vessel: motions resolved into a right triangle

Physics & MechanicsMeasuring the pouring vessel's motions: one mile per hour

FlightBird flight balanced among the winds; machine-part sketches

GeometrySmall circle figures on a near-blank spread

HydraulicsWater rebound, a semicircle problem, and Salai's expenses

Physics & MechanicsHow a moving body loses its power; Salai's account of 1504

HydraulicsCanals and pile-driving: a red-chalk water study

Lists & AccountsSheet of account jottings and numbers

Physics & MechanicsThe nature and origin of force

Physics & MechanicsThe Four Accidental Powers and Crossbow Ballistics

Blank Leaf (folio 152 recto)

Blank Leaf (folio 152 verso)

Arithmetic & ProportionMultiplication Table with Figure and Perspective Studies

Arithmetic & ProportionDivision of the Greater Inequality: Ratio Theory

GeometryTransformations of Pyramid, Cube, Cylinder and Slab

GeometrySeventeen problems on reshaping cubes, cylinders and slabs

Fables & ProseNature, the flood-borne shells, and the great cavern

Fables & ProseThe end of the world, and a fossil fish in the mountain

ArchitectureThe power of the arch: chord, shoulders and where it breaks

ArchitectureCracks in walls and the breaking of arches

Physics & MechanicsBoiling water and vapour, and the definition of the point

GeometryThe point, the surface, and the elements

HydraulicsHow Rivers Widen and Deepen Their Valleys

Near-Blank Leaf: Folios 161v and 168r

HydraulicsThe Percussion of Falling Water

Near-Blank Leaf: Folios 162v and 167r

FlightHow Birds Soar Against the Wind Without Beating Their Wings

Blank Leaf: Folios 163v and 166r

HydraulicsWater raised in pipes, the balance defined, and worn gear teeth

Physics & MechanicsGravity and weights; wheels that raise water from a marsh

Painting & PerspectivePainting the landscape: wind, cloud light and morning mist

Blank facing sides of folios 169 and 172

Optics & LightLight through a window, the eye's inner sense, and hair recipes

Optics & LightThe science of light and shadow: free and constrained light

GeometryOn Solids, Motion, and the Nature of Time

GeometryTime, Geometry, and Definitions of Line and Angle

Physics & MechanicsFalling Water, Heavy Bodies, and the Balance

Physics & MechanicsGravity, levity, a sunlight mirror, and musical drums

HydraulicsA water pump, a locked handle, and three maxims

GeometryNet of a sphere in six triangles, with figures and sums

GeometryTwo mean proportionals and the doubling of the cube

GeometryFinding Two Mean Proportionals Between Given Lines

Physics & MechanicsOn Gravity, Weight and Levity Among the Elements

Near-Blank Sheet with Faint Show-Through Script

GeometryTransforming a cube into a square slab of given height

GeometryCubes and slabs turned into pyramids and cylinders

GeometryStudies of pyramids, prisms and spheres

Blank verso with British Museum crown stamp

Optics & LightHow bodies fill the air with their images

Optics & LightPure air receives the images of all bodies at once

Physics & MechanicsFriction of weights drawn along inclined paths

Physics & MechanicsGain and loss of friction on different slopes

Physics & MechanicsThe pupil of the eye, and a struck cube that rounds

Optics & LightWhy an arc appears of different sizes as the eye moves

Physics & MechanicsThe qualities and motions of the four elements

Physics & MechanicsA heavy body falls straight because the air cannot resist it

Physics & MechanicsMeasuring a ship's speed with a mercury clock and a right angle

Lists & AccountsErrand lists, definitions of point and line, and measuring motion

Personal NotesBlank recto of folio 193

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of pyramids, wedges and the tetrahedron

Physics & MechanicsMechanical elements: beams, wheels and the pull of gravity

Physics & MechanicsBalances and the line of gravity to the center of the world

Optics & LightReflection at the surface of water and concave mirrors

Blank leaf: ff. 196v and 199r

GeometrySquaring the circle, with cylinders, cones and spheres

GeometrySemicircle perimeters and cone-cylinder surface proportions

Arithmetic & ProportionFinding cube roots by means of broken numbers

Arithmetic & ProportionFolio 200 verso: near-blank with recto show-through

Personal NotesMemorandum of names, errands and objects

GeometryGeometric study: intersecting circles and inscribed triangle

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of weights hung from cords

Physics & MechanicsThe centre of gravity of weights on a beam, by rule

Physics & MechanicsThe sun's heat, the point, and the birth of gravity

GeometryBook I of the Waters: point, line, body, and the sun

Civil EngineeringA digger's labor: earth moved by shovelfuls per hour

Arithmetic & ProportionNumerical calculations

GeometryTurning cubes into boards by irrational proportion

GeometryCube, board and cylinder in equal proportion

HydraulicsThe Circulation of Water Through Earth, Sea and Sky

Personal NotesBlank verso of folio 210 with show-through of the recto notes

Physics & MechanicsHeavy Liquid Moves Light: Water and Air in an Inverted Vessel

Optics & LightThe Mirror Image Takes the Colour of Its Mirror

Physics & MechanicsBalance of the Lever and a List of Household Expenses

Fables & ProseProphecies of Grain, Grafted Trees and Incense

Physics & MechanicsThe Divided Lever Exerts Greater Force

GeometryFaint geometric constructions on a near-blank verso

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of pyramids and circular segments

Physics & MechanicsCentre of gravity of a pentagon and of circular segments

Physics & MechanicsFree fall to the world's centre and the flow of falling water

HydraulicsRiver meanders and flooding; the relative speed of hail and cloud

GeometryPerpendicular bisector of two points and the definition of the circle

GeometryA moving figure gains as much space as it loses

Optics & LightPerspective, refraction, and the visual pyramid of the eye

Arithmetic & ProportionStudies in fractions and proportional means

GeometrySurface versus volume: cube roots and doubling the cube

GeometryCube roots, solid surfaces, and man compared with the earth

Physics & MechanicsThe bending of a loaded beam, with frames and landscapes

ArchitectureNear-blank verso with faint offset sketches

HydraulicsHow objects set obliquely in a river dam up its current

Machines & DevicesSmall sketches of arches and mechanisms; facing leaf blank

Lists & AccountsHousehold accounts with Salaì and Vante, and the physics of impact

Physics & MechanicsCentral lines of motion, percussion and the rebound of blows

Physics & MechanicsBalance arms, a painter's colour account, and relative motion

Physics & MechanicsBalances, wheel motion and hauling; with calculations

Machines & DevicesBlank recto with show-through from the verso

Machines & DevicesMechanical studies and a stage set for Pluto's realm

Optics & LightPropositions on visual pyramids and rays

Optics & LightReversed pyramids and images seen upside down

HydraulicsWater as the vital humour of the earth's body

HydraulicsThe circulation of water through the earth's veins

HydraulicsWater as the Vital Humour of the Earth

HydraulicsWater, Blood and Sap: the Earth's Great Circulation

Physics & MechanicsOn Retrograde Motion: Gauging the Velocity of a Cord

Blank opening (ff. 237v–242r)

Physics & MechanicsWeights on a Wheel and Axle: a Force Analysis

Physics & MechanicsAn Instrument to Test the Motion of Air and Water

GeometrySquaring the Triangle and Transforming Squares

GeometryConstructions from a Point Outside a Line

Optics & LightThe Intersection of Simple and Compound Shadows

Blank Leaf (ff. 243v–248r)

GeometryCones on oblique bases and the equality of triangle sections

Near-Blank Leaf with Offset Show-Through (ff. 244v–247r)

GeometryExtending, Shortening and Uniting Rectangles

GeometryRight triangle with an inscribed square

Machines & DevicesMechanical sketches; facing leaf blank

Sculpture & CastingCasting a terracotta mould for a pyramid base

Ornament & HeraldryAllegorical caparison for Antonio Grimani

Language & LatinLatin word-list and a jotted question

Arithmetic & ProportionArithmetical calculations; blank facing leaf

Figure StudiesNear-Blank Sheet with Faint Figure Traces

Physics & MechanicsHow Elements Weigh in Motion; Air Drawn from a Vent

Blank Sheet with British Museum Stamp

Physics & MechanicsEqual Motions from Unequal Force; the Sound of Flies

Machines & DevicesFaint Device Sketches: Pegged Disc and Frame

Weapons & FortificationFortified Tower, Firing Bombard, and a Leafy Tendril

Weapons & FortificationRocket, spraying vessels and a figure at a basin

Weapons & FortificationCauldron on the fire, a burning tube, knife and workers

Machines & DevicesFurnace, vats and strainer, with a framed mechanism

ArchitectureMoving houses and canalizing the river at Romorantin

CartographyRoute and land survey with measured distances

HydraulicsDouble pump, gravity and levity, and a spiral staircase

HydraulicsThe river at Amboise: currents around an island

Physics & MechanicsOn weights: lever and counter-lever in equilibrium

Physics & MechanicsLever apparatus: figure with letters

GeometryDefinitions of point, line, surface and body; the First Book of Waters

Physics & MechanicsOn the weight of water and the centre of the world

HydraulicsRiver floods, waves, and a 1502 note of few soldi

Lists & AccountsAugust 1504 accounts and the movement of stones in rivers

Physics & MechanicsPile-driving forces and the death of ser Piero da Vinci

Physics & MechanicsPercussion in driven piles and the gliding of birds

FlightHow winds collide, rebound, and grow dense

HydraulicsThe bridge at Borgo Ognissanti and the courses of wind

HydraulicsRiver scour on the Bisarno and the petrifying of ooze

CartographyRed-chalk survey of a watercourse (untranscribed)

Painting & PerspectiveThe Visual Pyramid and How It Narrows With Distance

Painting & PerspectivePerspective, the Visual Pyramid, and the Praise of Archimedes

GeometryNearly Blank Leaf With a Faint Circular Sketch

Physics & MechanicsPercussion, the Spring, and the Swing

Physics & MechanicsFalling to the Centre of the World; Earth Moved by Water

Blank Opening (folios 282v and 283r)

Physics & MechanicsBegun in Florence, 1508: preface and weights on the balance

Physics & MechanicsThe 'ventilating' (oscillating) motion and how it dies away

Physics & MechanicsOblique descent of weights and the centre of gravity of a square

Physics & MechanicsWeights on supports, and the forces that break a cord

Physics & MechanicsWeights on beams and cords, and the mover's power

Physics & MechanicsAccidental weight in angled cords, and the potential lever

Physics & MechanicsElements of mechanics: shared loads and how cords break

Folio 15r, transmitted light (near-blank leaf)

Physics & MechanicsCenters of Gravity of Squares, Brackets and Triangles

Physics & MechanicsRebound of a Moving Body After Percussion

AstronomyThe Moon's Spots and the Angle of Incidence

Optics & LightFinding the Angle of Incidence on a Circle

Machines & DevicesNew Bellows for Caulking a Ship Afloat

Optics & LightFinding the Angle of Incidence on a Spherical Mirror

Optics & LightThe Sun's Image Reflected in Rippling Water

GeometryA Brief Method for Measuring a Distance

Arithmetic & ProportionSumming a Progression and Finding Roots Geometrically

Optics & LightAngle of Incidence on a Convex Mirror

GeologyHow Rivers Carve Mountains and Widen Valleys

HydraulicsHow rivers flow, flood, and reshape their banks

Physics & MechanicsThe angular balance and the law of unequal arms

Physics & MechanicsPostulates on rods and balances of equal arms

HydraulicsA plan of 'books' on rivers, embankments and the earth's waters

Physics & MechanicsWeights and gravity, shore waves, and a crossbow's true range

Arithmetic & ProportionTheory of ratios; the nature of gravity and levity

Physics & MechanicsSimple equality of balances and the arithmetic of friction

Physics & MechanicsOn the Moving Body and Its Mover: Kinds of Motion

Figure StudiesRelief and Hollow at the Bends of a Limb's Joints

HydraulicsWater Rising Through the Earth, and a Treatise-Plan on Water

HydraulicsThe Restless River: Erosion and the Making of Clouds

Sculpture & CastingCasting Note: Fill the Void with a Bronze Rod

Sculpture & CastingCasting Notes: Iron Core, Firing Holes, and a Jack

GeometryCrossing-line figure with marginal sketches (untranscribed)

GeometryA faintly glimpsed geometric figure; facing leaf blank

GeometryA figure of linked circles within a great circle

HydraulicsRiver meanders eroding valleys, with mills and a weight

GeometrySimilar triangles, a common chord, and mirror incidence

GeometryProportions of arcs versus their chords and sagittae

Physics & MechanicsFalling bodies about the centre of the world; a two-bucket well

Physics & MechanicsThe balance: arms, poles, and centres of accidental gravity

GeometryGeometric constructions: circle in a square, squares within squares

Optics & LightReflection in curved mirrors; a note on Roger Bacon in print

Optics & LightThe cone of light, the angle of incidence, and a burning mirror

GeometrySurfaces of sphere and cylinder, and the quadrature of lunes

Physics & MechanicsThe balance: obliquity of arms and the pull toward earth's centre

Physics & MechanicsProportion of powers and weights (f. 79r, backlit)

Physics & MechanicsRebound, central lines of weight, and pulley loading (ff. 92v-80r)

Physics & MechanicsPushing versus pulling in cords, water, wedges and screws (ff. 91v-81r)

Physics & MechanicsA classification of motion and percussion in heavy bodies (ff. 90v-82r)

Optics & LightLarge converging-ray diagrams (ff. 88v-84r, backlit)

Optics & LightCold reflected from a mirror, and the height of a rebound (f. 85r)

Optics & LightConcave mirrors: convergence of reflected rays

Physics & MechanicsImpetus and percussion: motion between equal angles

Physics & MechanicsImpetus and percussion in inverse proportion

AstronomyOn the Moon: reflected light and the sun upon the waves

Physics & MechanicsWhy heavy bodies descend: the medium, not the centre

Physics & MechanicsOn flyers: pulleys, falling bodies, and bird flight

Optics & LightEqual angles of incidence and reflection at a circle

Physics & MechanicsWhich prop best supports a loaded beam

Optics & LightHow the eye judges lines, angles and shadows

Leaf 101r: added text in a later hand (untranscribed)

Optics & LightThe nature of mirrors and the reflection of visual rays

Optics & LightDiagrams of luminous spheres and cones of rays

Physics & MechanicsSharing two weights along a beam hung from three cords

Physics & MechanicsCentres of gravity of a cone and its inscribed pyramid

Physics & MechanicsPoint d placed on the perpendicular o b p

Optics & LightRay-fans, arcs and geometric sketches (untranscribed)

Painting & PerspectiveTrees, foliage and the blue of distant landscapes

Physics & MechanicsLevers, counter-levers and the science of balances

Physics & MechanicsThe balance analysed: real and potential arms and appendages

Physics & MechanicsWeights on wheels and the fall of heavy bodies

HydraulicsA rule-of-three sum and an index of chapters on water

Arithmetic & ProportionLeaf with geometric sketches and columns of calculation

Physics & MechanicsThe centre of gravity of a body and its parts

Physics & MechanicsA balance with two poles and other small mechanisms

Machines & DevicesNotes on a machine for digging and hauling earth

Physics & MechanicsThe rebound of a struck body: impetus and percussion

Physics & MechanicsSheet with small mechanical diagrams and untranscribed notes

GeometryPoints, lines and surfaces as 'nothing'; a semicircle's balance

GeometryPoint, line and surface as 'nothing'; a weighted wheel

HydraulicsWhy river beds run deepest at the centre; a soaring bird

Machines & DevicesA reed-wheel for a four-part canon, with liquid-motion notes

ArchitectureStructural cracks, drying clay, and the earth's strata

Physics & MechanicsSimple and composed motion; falling flame and reflected suns

Sculpture & CastingA sealed brazier, notes toward fusion, and a right angle in a circle

Physics & MechanicsCompound motion: the right triangle of fall and cross-motion

Machines & DevicesMechanical devices and a weighted quadrant

Physics & MechanicsProjectile motion, a jibe at doctors, and Salai's expenses

Civil EngineeringNotes on canal-making, with a large survey drawing

Physics & MechanicsThe Nature of Force: Daughter of Motion, Mother of Weight

Apparently Blank Leaf, folio 152r

Arithmetic & ProportionRatios of Proportion: Double, Triple, Quadruple, Quintuple

GeometryTransforming Solids: Pyramid, Cube, Cylinder and Slab

GeologyThe Great Cavern, and the Two Lines of Fossil Shells

ArchitectureCracks in Walls and the Fracture of Arches

Physics & MechanicsThe boiling of water and the geometry of the point

Physics & MechanicsDensely written sheet with a serpentine curve

HydraulicsThe impact of water falling on flat ground and on steps

FlightHow a bird takes flight and soars against the wind

HydraulicsWater in pipes, the balance, and the wear of gear-teeth

Physics & MechanicsDensely written sheet of natural-philosophy notes

Optics & LightThe Eye, Light Through a Window, and Recipes for the Hair

GeometryOn Time, the Point, the Line, the Angle and the Surface

Physics & MechanicsFalling Water, Heavy Bodies, and the Balance's Angles

GeometryA sphere unfolded into six triangles, among machine sketches

GeometryThe Two Mean Proportionals Between Two Lines

GeometryDensely Written Leaves with Small Diagrams

GeometryTransforming Cubes, Slabs, Pyramids and Cylinders

GeometryFaint geometric sketches: circles, triangles and a box

Optics & LightEvery body infuses its likeness throughout the surrounding air

Physics & MechanicsA hanging weight passes wholly into its support; friction on a slope

Optics & LightThe pupil of the eye and percussion in dilatable material

Physics & MechanicsEarth beneath water, rebound at equal angles, and the four elements

Machines & DevicesA quicksilver timer for measuring a ship's speed at sea

GeometryGeometric figures and boxes (transmitted light)

Physics & MechanicsMechanical elements: loaded beams and wheels

Optics & LightReflection in water and air; concave mirrors

GeometryGeometry of the semicircle, cylinder and cone

Arithmetic & ProportionA method for cube roots using fractions

GeometryGeometric line construction with a marginal list

Physics & MechanicsCentres of Gravity of Weights Hung on Cords

Physics & MechanicsThe Golden Chain: Heat, Cold, Gravity and Levity

Civil EngineeringReckoning a Labourer's Rate of Moving Earth

GeometryReducing a Cube to a Cylinder of Equal Content

HydraulicsWater, Vital Humour of the Earth, in Endless Circulation

Physics & MechanicsWater moves air: heavy and light contend in a sealed tube

Fables & ProseProphecies: Grain, Grafts and Threatening Censers

Physics & MechanicsThe Divided Lever versus the Whole: Force and Lift

GeometryCentres of Gravity of Pyramids and Circular Segments

Physics & MechanicsThe Motion of Falling Bodies and of Falling Water

GeometryA Line Equidistant from Two Given Points

Optics & LightWhy Rays Bend at the Eye: Vision versus Perspective

GeometrySurfaces, Volumes and Cube Roots; Doubling the Cube

Physics & MechanicsBending of a loaded beam, with frames and mechanisms

HydraulicsObstacles that dam a river's current

Personal NotesLoan records of 1503 and notes on impact

Physics & MechanicsPigment prices, balances and relative motion

Physics & MechanicsStudies of beams, trusses, levers and rollers

Physics & MechanicsWear of a pivot; a stage-mountain that opens

Optics & LightThe visual pyramid: how bodies radiate their images

HydraulicsWater as the blood of the earth

HydraulicsVital heat and the circulation of the earth's waters

GeometryFramed circles, arcs and an untranscribed note

Physics & MechanicsA weight distributed across wheels, handle and poles

GeometryGeometric constructions with compass and straightedge

Optics & LightThe science of shadows: simple, compound, and their crossings

GeometryGeometry: subdivided triangles, pyramids and conic figures

GeometryA square inscribed in a right triangle

Machines & DevicesMechanical sketch and calculations; facing leaf blank

Ornament & HeraldryAllegorical costume design for a horse and rider

Physics & MechanicsWeight, water and air in motion; a name jotted

Machines & DevicesMechanical devices, hatched solids and radiating figures

Weapons & FortificationWheeled piece and a tall pillar hoist

Machines & DevicesHeating vessels, a funnel and a masonry furnace

ArchitectureBuilding plans, mill-wheels and numerical notes

Machines & DevicesDouble water-pump, siphons and a spiral staircase

Physics & MechanicsLettered balance and wheel diagrams

GeometryOn point, line and body; first book of the waters

Lists & AccountsHousehold accounts, 1504, and stones moved by river currents

Physics & MechanicsPile-driving mechanics; the death of Ser Piero da Vinci, 1504

HydraulicsBridges of Borgo Ognissanti; river silting and mountain winds

HydraulicsRiver erosion and petrification on the Bisarno; a plant study

Painting & PerspectivePerspective: the diminution of the visual pyramid over distance

Machines & DevicesSheet with faint diagrams and untranscribed notes

Physics & MechanicsPulley mechanism, solids, and candlesticks (transmitted light)

Machines & DevicesMusical canon wheel, timpani, and notes on the motion of liquids

Figure StudiesStudies of an infant's hands and feet