The Citadel Tower: Dimensions and Masonry Costs
Diameter, height and volume of the solid tower, the angle-wall and parapet void, and the ditch in canne
Leonardo computes the fabric of the citadel's round tower: 25 braccia in diameter, 78 4/7 in circumference and 20 high, entirely solid, giving 9360 square braccia which at 16 to the canna cost 585 ducats. He adds the angle-wall of the citadel (5 x 25 x 20), the void within the parapet, the spiral staircase and the lateral defenses, noting these offset the tower's talus and the wall retaining the ditch bank. He then measures the two ditch walls (300 and 250 braccia long, 10 high) at 343 3/4 ducats and the ditch itself (275 long, about 22 wide, 10 deep) at 945 20/64 ducats. Foundations he discounts, since much of the work rests on living rock.
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Volume and cost of the solid tower
The round tower is 25 braccia in diameter, 78 4/7 in circumference and 20 high, entirely solid and of uniform thickness to its base. Multiplying thickness by height gives 9360 square braccia, which divided by 16 (the canna) yields 585 canne, walled at one ducat the canna for 585 ducats.
Angle-wall, parapet void and spiral stair
The wall forming the citadel's angle, incorporated with the tower, is 5 braccia thick, 25 long and 20 high (2500 square braccia, 156 1/4 canne). The void within the parapet atop the tower is 10 braccia across and 3 high (14 1/16 canne of wall). The spaces of the spiral staircase and lateral defenses, deducted, offset the tower's talus (scarpa) and the wall supporting the ditch bank.
Measuring the ditch and its walls
The two ditch walls, 300 and 250 braccia long and each 10 high, total 550 braccia of wall, or 5500 square braccia, that is 343 3/4 canne (343 3/4 ducats). The ditch is 275 braccia long, 22 wide on average and 10 deep, giving 60,500 braccia, or 945 20/64 canne and ducats.
