Chimneys of Pavia castle, towers and a Witelo note
Architectural studies with a memorandum on Witelo's optics and a portcullis
At the upper right Leonardo draws the tall chimneys of the Castle of Pavia in elevation and section, noting that they have six tiers of flues an arm apart. Other sketches give parts of a round tower and its interior, a plan labelled a brothel, and the beginnings of a square and a round plan. A separate memorandum records that Witelo's treatise contains 805 conclusions on perspective, and one tower part is marked with a portcullis.
On this page
Chimneys of the Castle of Pavia
An elevation and a section show the tall chimneys of the Castle of Pavia, drawn as slender shafts with stacked vents. Leonardo notes they have six tiers of flues, each an arm from the next.
Round tower, interior and a brothel plan
Sketches give part of a round tower with its interior and the beginnings of a square plan and a round plan. A separate plan is labelled a brothel.
Memorandum on Witelo's optics
A note records that Witelo contains 805 conclusions on perspective, Leonardo's reference to the medieval treatise on optics and vision. It is written as a single mirror-script line at the head of the page.
Portcullis on a round tower
One of the round-tower studies is annotated with a portcullis, indicating a defensive drop-gate. It appears among the tower parts.