Dividing Circles Between Parallel Lines
Sector quadrature and a series of problems on partitioning a semicircle, with small mechanical sketches
A group of mounted fragments carrying geometric problems on cutting circles and semicircles into equal parts held between two parallel lines, numbered as first, second, third and fourth cases. Leonardo shows that the six portions of six sectors of a semicircle equal the portion of the larger sector, and invokes the Euclidean common notion that if equals are taken from equals the remainders are equal. Among the browned fragments are small mechanical drawings, including a spoked wheel and balance-beam frames, not described in the transcribed text.
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A fourth or third part of a circle between parallels
A numbered series of figures poses the problem: 'Give me the fourth part of the first circle between two parallel lines,' and 'Give me the fourth part of a half circle between two parallel lines.' To the right, in a b c d, Leonardo delivers the third part of a semicircle between two parallels, claiming he can give infinitely whatever part is asked.
Six sectors of a semicircle made equal
The six portions of the six sectors of the semicircle are said to equal the portion of the larger sector; gathered into one, they fill the concavity n, and the outer part is left straight-sided and equal to c.
Euclidean common notion
A marginal note states the axiom: if from equal things you take equal things, and so on. It underwrites the equalities Leonardo claims when he removes matching portions from paired curved figures, as in the last figure where taking the portion o from each leaves the remainders equal.
Spoked wheel and small devices
The large browned fragment carries several small mechanical sketches, among them a spoked wheel and a compact framed device. These are drawn but not covered by the transcribed captions.
Balance-beam frames
Both the left fragment and the large fragment show slender balance-beam or steelyard frames pivoting on a support. They appear as physical apparatus alongside the geometric figures and are not transcribed.
