Paragone: Painting as the Greater Mental Discourse
Against artists who trace nature lazily; painting interprets how the eye judges size, colour and height.
The page condemns those who rely on tracing devices instead of drawing from their own intellect, calling them destroyers of their own genius who remain poor in invention. The heading of chapter 40, comparing painting to sculpture, then declares painting the greater mental discourse because it makes the painter's mind transmute into the very mind of nature and interpret her laws. Leonardo begins to enumerate how the eye judges apparent size, colour, height and lowness among otherwise equal objects. All content is text.
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Painting as interpreter between nature and art
Painting is declared of greater mental discourse than sculpture because it forces the painter's mind to transmute into the mind of nature and to be interpreter of her laws. It must reckon how the images of surrounding objects reach the pupil of the eye, and judge apparent size, lightness, height and lowness among things that are equal.
Against lazy tracing that destroys the genius
Leonardo blames those who cannot draw of themselves and lean on tracing devices, calling them destroyers of their own genius who stay poor and wretched in invention. The true composition of histories, he says, is the very end of the science of painting.
