Box-wheel engine, non-recoiling bombard, and a mantlet

Bombard that will not recoil into its ship

The text explains how to make the hollow of the tail so that the bombard does not drive back the ship on which it is placed. The drawing shows the gun and its recessed breech.

Double-beamed mantlet against bastion fire

A mantlet is drawn for advancing safely against the artillery of a bastion, built of double beams. It appears as a sloping screen on a wheeled frame.

The box-wheel (ruota a cassette) with pawl

The main figure is a wheel ringed with hinged boxes (cassette), a spring (molla) and a pawl (fattorino). The notes track how the box's width a b and its notches m and n engage as the box passes different heights of the wheel.

Doubling the boxes to keep the wheel turning

Leonardo observes that if the box touching the lower wheel n stops the motion, doubling the whole number of boxes will restore movement to the wheel. The study belongs to his attempts at a self-moving, weight-shifting wheel.

Study of easy pivots (bilichi)

A crossed-out figure at the top right explores a method of easy pivots, labelled bilichi and false. Small circles indicate the pivoting members.

Figura biffata di:

Figura di bombarda, con:

Mantelletto, con:

Quattro figure per ruota a cassette. Al centro figura principale, con:

A sinistra, particolare, con:

A destra, altro particolare, con:

Sotto, altro particolare, con:

Crossed-out figure of:

Figure of a bombard, with:

Mantlet, with:

Four figures for a box-wheel. At the centre the main figure, with:

On the left, a detail, with:

On the right, another detail, with:

Below, another detail, with: