Vortices in a turning current, with clamped and joined rods
Every motion checked by a transverse motion; a note at Soncino in the Cremonese
The leaf opens with a principle of motion — that any movement, however swift, has its straight line deflected by even a small transverse motion — set above a large pen drawing of a current coiling into interlocking vortices, captioned as an example of swift versus sluggish flow. Below and inverted are red-chalk studies of rods clamped in a vice and of joined rods, noted as arranged 'to pull evenly.' A short memorandum beside them records the place-name Soncino in the Cremona district.
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Coiling of a watercourse into vortices
A large pen drawing shows a current turning back on itself into interlocking spiral vortices. The caption distinguishes a swift branch from a sluggish one, offered as an example of how flowing water coils.
Every motion checked by a small transverse motion
Leonardo states the principle that any motion, whether continuous or discrete and however swift, has its straight line deflected by even a small crosswise motion. The claim frames the water study drawn beneath it.
Joined rods drawn to pull evenly
Red-chalk figures show rods clamped in a vice and, in the inverted lower part of the sheet, rods joined together. The note beside the joined rods reads that they are arranged 'to pull evenly.'
Memorandum of a place: Soncino
Beside the clamped-rod figures a short note records the place-name Soncino in the Cremona district. It reads as a passing memorandum jotted among the technical studies.