Codex Atlanticus274 pages
- Machines for raising water and drawing wire
- Machines for raising water, with a man-driven treadwheel
- Water-wheel driven by a river to grind mills
- Water-Driven Machine for Drawing Metal Wire
- Weight-Driven Wheel-and-Drum Mechanism
- Blank verso, invisible before restoration
- Blank verso, invisible before restoration
- Wire-drawing machine, cranes and lifting devices
- Cart drive and apparatus for a hollow fire-sphere
- Weighing a fall of water, with mechanisms
- Machines for raising water; diving and water-walking devices
- Water-raising screws, wheels and counterweight pumps
- Grinding wheels and water-mill gearing; a large boat
- Nearly blank verso with faint offset traces
- Earth-boring auger, water-raising gear and a lamp
- Machines, balances and military-hydraulic devices
- Leaf recorded as blank before restoration
- Gears, gun-barrels and mill machinery
- Oil Press and Studies of Screw Threads
- Sheet of machines: a six-stone mill, a segmented bombard and a screw
- Secret flooded conduit within a fortress ditch
- Machines, a hoist, and a fluted column
- How water rises and flows under pressure: cisterns and canals
- Fountain, timed water basins and a foundry-earth recipe
- Automatic Valve Pump and an Interlocking-Beam Arch
- River Fords, Flood Deposits, and a Membrane Vane
- A wheeled war-engine and the Pavian mill
- Water-driven mills and the weight of falling water
- Water-lifting machine: the great wheel and vertical screw
- Canal dam with a sluice gate raised by a windlass
- Mechanical studies: spring versus counterweight, siphon and gears
- Falling Water, a Balance Machine, Saws, and Prophecies
- A wheel-and-cord mechanism with a hanging weight
- Eddies of Water and Air, and a Tangent-Angle Construction
- Coloured shadows, cord-weights, and De ludo geometrico
- Twin water gate opened together by falling counterweights
- Canal to Florence: gravel banks and an aqueduct bridge
- The Florence canal: route map and excavation costs
- Canal-lock gates and safe mooring in the lock chamber
- Blank side of a sheet, revealed by restoration
- The 'universal cistern' water device, with a Latin verb exercise
- Dredging crane: a toothed scoop slung from a swinging boom
- Boat-borne dredging machines built around spoked wheels
- The Motion and Foam of Sea Waves
- The power of percussion; the Naviglio Grande; a beam bridge
- A scheme for a canal city, with red-chalk plans
- Studies of Falling Water Drops, Splashes and Motion
- The sphere of air and how a bird hangs still on the wind
- Weights of the elements and the crest of a wave
- Index for the Book on Water: Rivers, Currents and Floods
- Index to a treatise on the movements of water
- The spheres of fire and air: how hail and rain form
- Flight of Birds, River Eddies, and a Note of Ducats Received
- Descent and Soaring of Birds, the Echo, and Rivers Moving Gravel
- Weights of the elements, and a Book on the percussion of waters
- The four elements weighed, with number tables and water chapters
- The motion of wind and water, and painting a mountain-fall
- Heat, moisture and the science of waters
- River flow, waves and the wearing of banks
- Water issuing under pressure from spouts
- Water from a cistern: fall, weirs and orifices
- Highland Lakes from Landslides, and Surface Geometry
- The Origin of Seas and a Treatise on Waves
- Defense of his grant of water at Santo Cristoforo
- Canal locks and the physics of falling water
- Where the science of weights is deceived by practice
- The Nile's source and the great rivers of Asia
- Water machines: float-valve cistern, bellows and mercury tube
- Squaring the Circle: Lunes, Sectors and Perforated Circles
- Proportion exercise: equalizing the ratio of 6 to 2
- Self-regulating water measure with paired basins
- The center of the world in continual motion
- Water falling onto a toothed wheel
- On Motion and Weight: air compressible, water not
- A siphon to carry a river over the mountains
- On the Destructive Power of Rivers in Flood
- Studies of Falling Water in Tubes and Vessels
- The Weight and Pressure of Water in Vessels
- The Sun Reflected in the Waves of the Sea
- Why Lightning Bends: Motion from Dense to Rare Air
- Water through apertures, falling weights, and images in crystal
- Experiments on water pouring from vessels and apertures
- Motion, fire and flame, and the riddle of the infinite
- Machine to raise water by a bucket-wheel and lever
- Reinforced Withy Bundles, and Draining the Piombino Marsh
- Mechanical and hydraulic studies on a faint sheet
- Sluice-gate construction with quadrature-of-the-circle notes
- Raising the irrigation from Lake Brivio: a canal scheme
- Surveying the Brivio canal to the Travaglia mill
- Squaring the Lunules; a Night Water-Clock
- The falling water-vein and the descent of dropped bodies
- Water Raised by Counterweights and the Fall of Water
- A Canal Lock, Pyramid Sections, and Notes on Shadows
- Diverting the Arno: floods, channels and the Bisarno cut
- Accelerated fall and the force of falling water
- Faint verso, only partly visible before restoration
- Broken lever versus continuous lever; the force of falling water
- A doubt on Noah's Flood, and a description of the Deluge
- Squaring curved figures: lunes, rings and circle proportions
- More squaring of lunes, with a sluice-gate and a maxim
- How Rivers Build and Destroy Mountains
- The three phenomena: wind, rain and hail
- Circle-segment geometry, the tides, and maxims on motion
- Rivers pouring into the sea: winds, currents and sandbars
- Impetus in Fluids: Why a Fish Outswims a Bird
- The North and South Winds: Their Nature and Effects
- Experiment on the Descent of Grain Through a Vessel's Hole
- How Water Moves Through the Veins of the Earth
- Motion of waves and currents; the angle of contingency
- Elements, Underground Water, and a Lifting Machine
- Levers, Motion, and Bodies Floating in Water
- Simple and Composite Motion; Impetus as a Wave
- Oar in water, wing in air: the equivalence of motion
- Oar and wing faster, slower, or equal to the water and air
- Motion and impetus, the bow's force, and a bridge of boats
- Every body fills the air with its likeness, as mirrors do
- Winds descending mountains: waves, eddies and whirlwinds
- Quadrature of lunes with a note on the sea's tides
- Squaring the circle through sectors and lunes
- Geometry and arithmetic exercises with wave studies
- The winding of rivers and their straightening into canals
- Water dismantles mountains and fills the valleys
- Centres of gravity, a waterfall, hexagons and proportions
- The whole in every part: circles of sound and light
- Vaulted trusses, with notes on hot water and capillary rise
- Water raised by counterweights and finding its level
- Resolution of geometric fractions and a water wheel
- Gearing, screws, water-wheels; dividing a line into parts
- Aspects of the moon and reflections of the sun on water
- Power of Water Falling on Mill-Wheels at Various Obliquities
- Bridge over the river Dora and the canal of Ivrea
- On winds, clouds and the origin of lightning
- A red-chalk mechanism, a falling water-vein, and jottings
- Bird flight and fish swimming: turning, balance and impetus
- The Catastrophe Letter, with Notes on Bormio and Valsassina
- A Float-and-Weight Lifting Device that Works Underwater
- River flow in narrow channels; the strength of columns
- Mediterranean currents, waterfalls, weights and a crossbow
- Ground plan of a palace quarter served by canals
- River-and-city studies: clean water, portal and plans
- Impetus, the wavering balance, and the motion of water
- Spiral in a star polygon, a vortex study and a mechanism
- Crowded Sheet of Studies: Vaults, Ships, Circles and Star Figures
- Propositions on bodies floating and sinking in water
- Propositions on gravity, descent and the density of bodies
- The armature of arches, and the weight of turbid water
- Memoranda for Milan, with geometric figures after Apollonius
- Scouring river beds and fording rivers with wineskin saddle-pads
- The Crossbow-Maker's Fallacious Water-Wheel
- Study of Rippling, Wavelike Water
- Defending the Isonzo: river barriers against the Turks
- Canal-Cutting at Brivio and the Theory of Cast Shadows
- Funding a navigable canal by selling its surplus water
- The motion of falling water and where its violent motion ends
- Bucket-wheel for raising water, with lever ratios
- The San Marco lock-gate, with a 1489 ledger of fines
- What Is Heavy and Light: Gravity, Water and Trapped Air
- Successive halving and the vessel of wine and water
- Weights, siphons and the winding of rivers
- The motion of water waves and their percussion
- The tides as the breathing of the Earth
- Drawing instrument and a note on the Mediterranean Sea
- A fruiting plant, the physics of impact, and the sphere of water
- Four Devices for Drawing Water; Wheel-and-Axle Reckoning
- Screw press, an auger, and a water-current experiment
- Balance and friction rules, and a design for a pleasure garden
- Map of the Brianza lakes and the Adda water system
- Mill plan with sluices; geographic sketch of the Adda
- Priming a siphon, a mill plan, and the descent of two bodies
- Crossbows, a wind-machine and water-wheels
- How Heat, Moisture and Wind Make Clouds and Lightning
- Tides and river mouths, with circle-quadrature figures
- Water emptying from two vessels; the rise of rivers
- Mill of the Doccia at Vinci and a colour-grinding machine
- Water-wheels: falling water versus the weight of the wheel
- More water-wheel diagrams with proportional weights
- Why is water spherical? The order of the elements
- Overbalancing wheel with rolling weights, gears and a siphon
- Great water-bucket wheel for perpetual motion (778v)
- River flow: continuity and velocity of water
- The curvature of flowing water and its sphere
- Designs for a water clock that strikes the hours
- Water pressure, siphons and clock mechanism parts
- Well-bucket hoist with pulley, winch and gear ratios
- Nothing and the Void; Earthquakes and Lune Quadrature
- The Arno Diversion: River Bends and Water-Mills
- Wheel-less bellows filling vessel b c with air
- How Raindrops Form and the Motion of Water Veins
- Mirror Optics, Geometry, and Hydraulic Devices
- Perpetual Water Instrument with Alternating Jets
- Self-Acting Water-Raising Instrument
- On wind in caverns and the whirling motion of water
- Dividing a line in three; walking, oxen and river control
- Flame, Rising Air and the Geometry of Narrowing Triangles
- Hydraulic devices, water efflux and a note on a bombard
- Survey of the Nirone, with river and perspective notes
- Laws of branching in plants, with shadow and survey notes
- Water rising from reservoirs pressed by equal weights
- Harbour dredge and wing-lifting flight studies
- Flying-machine wing and the circulation of water
- Crucibles, a geared millstone and a goose-foot oar
- Architectural members and extensible lattice mechanisms
- Mechanical studies: bar-cutter, pump and Heron's fountain
- Water Columns and Siphons Weighed as Balances
- Suction pumps from Imola and lettered figures
- Statics of beams, pulleys and the balance
- Simple screws and how much water each raises
- Notes on the windlass, water pressure and communicating vessels
- The forming and breaking of a water droplet
- Underwater Excavation for a Castle Moat
- Rivers, canals and the crossing of rivulets
- The Mediterranean basin and the making of valleys
- Harbour works, dredges and pumps
- River strata, water sediment and an oblique beam
- Practice of Geometry, the Balance, and the Course of Rivers
- Survey of the River Adda for the Naviglio Canal
- Canal and river survey of the Romorantin country
- Proof that a water-wheel cannot make water raise itself
- The force of a blow, wheels, and a candle between mirrors
- Hoisting apparatus with a great toothed wheel
- Percussion of compressible elements; lifting screws and pumps
- Canal lock: chamber dimensions and gate mechanism
- Design for a striking water-clock
- A Self-Refilling Water Clock of Twenty-Four Vessels
- Water-Powered Saw Note with Mechanical Sketches
- Light Reduced to a Point; the Eye and Water Studies
- Machinery for Drawing Water from a Well
- Geometry of triangles, a balance, water swirls and a house plan
- Leaf declared blank, with show-through of mechanical apparatus
- Bellows-Driven Water Device with Stopcocks and Valve
- Canal gradients and a series of balance-beam schemes
- Bucket machine for raising water from a well
- Perspective of vision, projectile motion, and the tides
- Waves, impetus and the centre of gravity of a wedge
- Rivers, waves and tides; circle geometry and the impact of balls
- Water wheels and mill mechanisms (sheet bears no writing)
- Method for a clear distillation with a cooled alembic
- Concealed underground vault with hidden water supply
- Retained Impressions: Sound, Sight, Water and Moving Bodies
- Rivers, eddies, and the Naviglio canal
- The terror of river floods, tides, and water in motion
- Valve manifold for distributing water to 23 vessels
- Excavating machine and self-dumping earth-box for canal work
- Design of a canal-digging excavator, fully dimensioned
- Measuring the True Size of the World
- Water and Air in Joined Vessels
- Canal Works: Locks, Excavation and Siphons
- River flow, erosion, and the theory of the balance
- Passage made under water, drained by a pump
- The statics of water: vessels, counterweights and spinning machines
- Faint mechanical studies revealed by restoration
- Millstone with valve, and rotating vanes for wall defence
- A striking water-clock that sounds the twenty-four hours
- Oblique motion of weights, the sun raising the seas, and descent tests
- How the sun heats and lifts the sphere of water, with calculations
- Studies of wheels and buckets, with a note on their wide mouths
- A Conical Spiral Water-Tube, a Template, and a Casting Note
- Dividing a Pyramid in Septuple Proportion
- Overbalancing wheels and the blow of a falling stick
- Water clock driven by counterweighted reservoirs
- Mechanisms, with notes to weigh a wheel's force and water
- Machines for raising water: wind pumps, screws, and counterweights
- Counterweight water-lift with four screws and a fully specified design
- Spring device and wheeled mechanisms, with sums and a memory
- Raising Water to a Mountaintop; Self-Turning Smokeless Chimney
- The Naviglio of San Cristoforo, Milan (1509)
- Bird's Wings, Air Resistance and the Motion of Air and Water
- Two machines: framed roller structure and a pump over a basin
- Spinning top and the motion of water in the veins
- Cloth-cropping machine and a canal for the Wool Guild
- Winch with toothed wheels and a suction pump
- Siphon apparatus for making water descend
- Two passavolanti, a two-tube machine and a double pump
- Notes not in Leonardo's hand (two mounted leaves)
Codex Arundel95 pages
- The sun's image reflected in rippling water
- How rivers and rain wear away mountains and banks
- Does the moon shine by its own light or as a mirror?
- How rivers cut mountains and widen valleys
- Book 7 on water: currents that hollow banks and beds
- River Courses Between Their Banks in Flood and Low Water
- The Behaviour and Eddies of River Water
- A Programme of Books on Rivers and Water
- Buoyancy-driven wheel and a list of books on water
- Balances, the centre of the world, waves and crossbow range
- Proportional figures and water likened to the body's blood
- Water's perpetual circulation and a plan for a book on water
- Groynes in a river bend and a lettered proportion figure
- The ceaseless turnings of water and the sponge analogy
- Concave mirrors, the cloud as a bombard, and water reshaping the earth
- River meanders eroding mountain roots; mill and weight notes
- Of the Moon: Reflected Sunlight and the New Moon's Brightness
- Why Heavy Bodies Descend: Gravity and the Balance
- Motion, weight, and wheels: the mover and the moved
- Falling-body experiments and a bastion of living willows
- Index for a treatise on rivers, with a wing and calculations
- Waves, wind on water, and the circles of birds' flight
- Sand ripples, weights on inclined lines, and birds in flight
- Straight river-beds, river bends, and a bird riding the wind
- Water waves, reflected light rays, and a well-bucket hoist
- The pouring vessel: motions resolved into a right triangle
- Measuring the pouring vessel's motions: one mile per hour
- Water rebound, a semicircle problem, and Salai's expenses
- Canals and pile-driving: a red-chalk water study
- Boiling water and vapour, and the definition of the point
- How Rivers Widen and Deepen Their Valleys
- The Percussion of Falling Water
- Water raised in pipes, the balance defined, and worn gear teeth
- Gravity and weights; wheels that raise water from a marsh
- Falling Water, Heavy Bodies, and the Balance
- A water pump, a locked handle, and three maxims
- On Gravity, Weight and Levity Among the Elements
- The qualities and motions of the four elements
- The Circulation of Water Through Earth, Sea and Sky
- Heavy Liquid Moves Light: Water and Air in an Inverted Vessel
- Free fall to the world's centre and the flow of falling water
- River meanders and flooding; the relative speed of hail and cloud
- How objects set obliquely in a river dam up its current
- Water as the vital humour of the earth's body
- The circulation of water through the earth's veins
- Water as the Vital Humour of the Earth
- Water, Blood and Sap: the Earth's Great Circulation
- An Instrument to Test the Motion of Air and Water
- How Elements Weigh in Motion; Air Drawn from a Vent
- Moving houses and canalizing the river at Romorantin
- Double pump, gravity and levity, and a spiral staircase
- The river at Amboise: currents around an island
- Definitions of point, line, surface and body; the First Book of Waters
- On the weight of water and the centre of the world
- River floods, waves, and a 1502 note of few soldi
- August 1504 accounts and the movement of stones in rivers
- How winds collide, rebound, and grow dense
- The bridge at Borgo Ognissanti and the courses of wind
- River scour on the Bisarno and the petrifying of ooze
- Red-chalk survey of a watercourse (untranscribed)
- Falling to the Centre of the World; Earth Moved by Water
- The Sun's Image Reflected in Rippling Water
- How Rivers Carve Mountains and Widen Valleys
- How rivers flow, flood, and reshape their banks
- A plan of 'books' on rivers, embankments and the earth's waters
- Weights and gravity, shore waves, and a crossbow's true range
- Water Rising Through the Earth, and a Treatise-Plan on Water
- The Restless River: Erosion and the Making of Clouds
- River meanders eroding valleys, with mills and a weight
- Falling bodies about the centre of the world; a two-bucket well
- Why heavy bodies descend: the medium, not the centre
- Weights on wheels and the fall of heavy bodies
- A rule-of-three sum and an index of chapters on water
- Why river beds run deepest at the centre; a soaring bird
- A reed-wheel for a four-part canon, with liquid-motion notes
- Compound motion: the right triangle of fall and cross-motion
- Notes on canal-making, with a large survey drawing
- The boiling of water and the geometry of the point
- The impact of water falling on flat ground and on steps
- Water in pipes, the balance, and the wear of gear-teeth
- Falling Water, Heavy Bodies, and the Balance's Angles
- Earth beneath water, rebound at equal angles, and the four elements
- Water, Vital Humour of the Earth, in Endless Circulation
- Water moves air: heavy and light contend in a sealed tube
- The Motion of Falling Bodies and of Falling Water
- Obstacles that dam a river's current
- Water as the blood of the earth
- Vital heat and the circulation of the earth's waters
- Weight, water and air in motion; a name jotted
- Double water-pump, siphons and a spiral staircase
- On point, line and body; first book of the waters
- Household accounts, 1504, and stones moved by river currents
- Bridges of Borgo Ognissanti; river silting and mountain winds
- River erosion and petrification on the Bisarno; a plant study
- Musical canon wheel, timpani, and notes on the motion of liquids
Codex Forster I25 pages
- Water-driven perpetual-motion machine, with two rebuses
- Pump for drawing water from a well; perpetual-motion screw
- Water-lifting screws and pumps for continuous motion
- Perpetual-motion instruments driven by water screws
- Screws and pumps for continuous water motion
- Shooting an arrow farther, and a double water screw
- Pump-driving wheel trains and a self-turning weighted device
- Pump drives, a self-turning water-and-lead wheel, and a stream-driven screw
- Pendulum-driven mill, a screw pump, and paired self-turning tanks
- Ditch-emptying scoop rods, pendulum pumps, and a rack-raised ladder
- Man-powered stepped wheels lifting water, and a ditch-emptier
- Animal- and man-powered wheels driving pumps and scoops
- Water-Lifting Machines: Piston Pumps, Air Pump, Screw
- Ditch-Emptiers with Rectilinear and Circular Traction
- Water-Screws and Bucket Systems for Raising Water
- Pressure Pump and a Vessel Feeding Six Conduits
- Bucket-Wheel in Arched Channels, and Piston Pumps
- Water-Lifting Machines: Vaned Cylinder and Self-Balancing Pumps
- Screw, Siphon and Bucket-Wheel Water-Raising Machines
- Pump Machinery: Toothed Quadrants, a Wheel-Screw and Conduits
- Caged Archimedean Screw and Cone for Draining a Marsh
- Caged Screw, Caged Cone and a Cranked Lifting-Shaft
- Half-Cylindrical, Half-Pyramidal Screws for Perpetual Lifting
- Water-screws: a helical and a conical lifting screw
- Water-screws in cylindrical and conical cages
Codex Forster II7 pages
- Water Jet from a Double Pipe
- Free fall and a ship's buoyancy; a capped head
- Two cords equally loaded; three vessels pouring water
- Rod-and-pulley weight systems; a fountain spouting from three pipes
- Gravity, force, percussion; water poured between two pipes
- Water poured between vessels of different bore
- Water or wind striking obstacles at different angles
Codex Forster III16 pages
- Fable of the proud water
- Communicating vessels: a stone raises the water
- Communicating vessels: water pressed up through a pipe
- Excavating machine with a double pulley for lifting spoil
- Ground Plan with a Note on Canals Behind the Houses
- Bifurcation of a channel and its water levels
- Two channel bifurcations and their water levels
- Reading a Hidden River-Bed, and a Recipe for Oil
- Weight-Pulling Machines of Equal Power, with a Hydraulic Wheel
- Device for weighing a fall of water
- Canal Lock Gate with Stone Abutments
- Canal Lock Gate with Operating Gear
- The crushing weight of deep water
- Motion of water: a vortex and water draining through a hole
- Why circles on water do not break where they cross
- Mechanism for opening a water sluice
Codex Madrid I44 pages
- Preface: a petition to the reader and perpetual motion
- One-piece link chains, circular springs, and raising water
- Intermittent Reversing Gear and the Momentum of Flywheels
- Harnessing a Tall, Thin Waterfall to Drive a Bucket Wheel
- Wooden water conduits and pump pipes
- Push-and-pull wheel motion and a weighted water tube
- Weighing lead against water: a specific-gravity experiment
- The fall of water onto mill wheels
- Rule to find the centre of the arc of right angles
- Plan for a Treatise on the Screw and its Lever
- Water, air and fire forced through tubes by wind
- Percussion and circular motion of water in a vessel
- Of Water: Why Water Driven Under Water Does Not Whistle
- Of Water and Weight: Floating Wood and Shapes in Currents
- Reducing Friction on a Pole, and the Thrust of Arches
- The Restless Sphere of Water, and Movers versus Moved
- A Weight-Driven Table Fountain and the Force of Compressed Air
- Nature of the Motion of Water: Two Fountain Machines
- Axle natures; why a multiplying wheel hinders water-raising
- The nature of water: pipe width and the height it rises
- Rebound, water in pipes, bellows, and lifting by descent
- Heaps of falling powder and circular waves in a struck vessel
- The Perfect Balance and a Black-and-White Water Experiment
- Impact of Balls, a Water Splash and the Wearing of an Axle
- Which fall of water strikes a wheel hardest
- Beam deflection, water weighed in a pump, and stable supports
- The Weight of Deep Water on a Man, and Ultra-Sensitive Balances
- The Percussion of Water and a Bladed Mill Wheel
- An arrow shot straight up; a river current and a bridge
- Force versus weight; a pontoon bridge in a river current
- What weight and its centre are; impetus and a clock vane
- Centre of gravity and a device for weighing water
- Tension in a loaded cord and pressure in a water cistern
- Force of enclosed water; falling weights and hung loads
- Water's force on a cistern's bottom versus its sides
- Why water rises only 12 times the lead piston's height
- The impossibility of perpetual motion; jets from pipes
- Lombard water-mills and the fall of water on the wheel
- Force, weight, motion, time; water jets from tubes
- The balance law and a water-driven mirror polisher
- Torsion, rebound, and a bombarded round fortress
- Impact and rebound: colliding bodies and trebuchet throw
- Blows, the Counter-Lever, and the Force of Turbid Water
- Gravity, impetus, and the descent to the world's centre
Codex Madrid II21 pages
- Arno valley survey: La Lastra to Montelupo
- Arno itinerary: Florence to Pisa with distances
- Map of Tuscany: the lower Arno valley (Valdarno inferiore)
- Map of the Lower Valdarno and Arno Valley
- Why Two Eyes See Light More Strongly Than One
- Faint studies of turbulent water and frame structures
- Reflected waves colliding in mid-channel of a river
- The never-emptied barrel, rivers moving the earth, and whirlpools
- A radial wheel of tubes filling and emptying
- Survey Map of the Arno Valley near Pisa
- Survey map of the lower Arno and Pisan plain
- A water-organ: harmony from falling water
- How a Sea Wave Breaks on a Sloping Shore
- Cost and construction of the Pistoia canal
- The Weight of Elements: A Balance in Air and in Water
- Of the waters: no body weighs within its own element
- Founding a Sea-Wall: Lowering Caissons onto the Rock
- Founding in the Sea, and the Port of Piombino
- Towers, Casemates, and a Sheltering Harbour Wall
- How Sea Waves Break: Incident and Reflected Motion
- Leveling the bronze: a water-channel test for the cast
Codex Urbinas (Treatise on Painting)8 pages
- Bridge Shadows and Images in Clear Water
- Reflected Images and the Relief of Submerged Bodies
- Why the Eye Reads a Riverbed Better in Shadow
- Perspective, the Bridle and Rudder of Painting
- How rivers carve valleys, form lakes, and wear mountains down
- The Nature of Winds and the Weight of Clouds
- The sea horizon and its reflection in running water
- Treatise index: the eye, perspective, and reflections in water
Paris Manuscript A26 pages
- Blow and weight: balls in corners and a cube-doubling method
- The movement of river water: floods, meanders, and surface flow
- Bouncing balls equal free flight; the fall of water
- Waves, currents, and a body held under a waterfall
- Water Studies: Meeting Currents, Narrows, and Waterfalls
- The Pressure of Liquids: Vats and a Well with a Skin Bag
- Water in Nature and the Rebound of Colliding Bodies
- Definitions of the Blow and the Nature of Motion
- Propositions on percussion: bells, nails, and falling weights
- Figure projecting from a wall; weights, beams, and a float
- On the Voice and a Method for Copying a Marble Statue
- Ballistics: The Strongest Part of a Cannon-Ball's Flight
- On Motion and Weight: the Lever and a Water-Pressure Test
- Beginning of the treatise on water: the body of the earth
- Why water rises to mountain summits: heat and the earth's veins
- Water's endless circulation and why blood rises to the head
- Heat makes bodies lighter; and the current at the Strait of Spain
- Flow through narrowing channels: crowds, syringes, gears, and waves
- Water forced through irregular openings; crossing streams in a fall
- Why rivers shift their beds, what foam is, and how water scours a pit
- River pits, cataracts, and the erosion of riverbeds
- Eddies and the erosion of riverbanks
- Eddies wide below, narrow above, with an experiment
- Eddies at the bottom and crossing wave-circles
- Meandering currents and the erosion of riverbanks
- What the moon is; why the sun looks larger at sunset
Paris Manuscript B21 pages
- Naval devices: a ram-ship, a counterweight machine, hull studies
- Pumps for Raising Water, and a Self-Feeding Fireplace
- Raising water up a mountain with a wheel and jet-pumps
- Canals and locks beneath the city's palaces
- Canals for the city drawn from the Ticino
- River spur, weir facing, a stone auger, and fast earthworks
- Water-raising pumps and a water-pressure gauge
- Pendulum pumps for raising water, and a scatter-shot bombard
- Paternoster chain-pump, a festival dome frame, and a foot water-jet
- Fording a river with skin-floats and files of horses
- On weights, a German lance-barrier, and diverting rivers to ford them
- Camels and horses fording rivers on inflated skin-floats
- Foot soldiers crossing a river chained arm-in-arm
- Wicker boats and skin-float pontoons for crossing rivers
- Releasing a Flood of Water on an Army and City Walls
- A Water Level by Sighting and Two Earth Augers
- Instruments for Measuring a Difference in Level
- Pile foundations and a wall to resist river banks
- Tools for excavating and founding buildings
- Flying-machine controls and river-barrier devices
- Furnace, riverbank palisade, and a water-and-air bellows
Paris Manuscript C15 pages
- Motion, Voice, and the Blow: Mechanics Demonstrations
- The Motion of Air and Water; Optics of the Pinhole
- The Blow, Pulleys, and Jets of Wine and Water
- Colliding Balls, a Vibrating Blade, and a Canal Research Program
- The Sun Mirrored upon the Water
- Water in a bucket, shadows from many lights, and the blow of a hammer
- Percussion and rebound: axe on wood, drops on water
- Still water keeps its level; skimming oil off a lake
- River currents, rolling stones, and a spinning wheel
- Waves raised by wading; mixing wine and water; a candle's shadow
- River waves against the wind; surface and bottom currents
- How a stone on the river-bed scours the channel
- 'What is water' — the nature and powers of the element
- The blow: turbid water and the rebound of colliding spheres
- On weights, and the force of water striking obstacles in a canal
Paris Manuscript E19 pages
- Sound in a Pipe and Marine Shells That Raise the Mountains
- How Turbid Rivers Silt Up and Reclaim Marshes
- Plan for the First Book on Water
- Water Instruments: Flow Through Pipes
- Water Instruments: The Archimedean Screw
- Water Instruments: Obliquity of the Screw
- Ring-Pipes Bisected by Their Diameter
- Equal Bodies Moved by Equal Powers; Circular Motion
- A great hinged valve and water-bellows with cloth flaps
- The wake of bird and ship: air and water closing the vacuum
- The Flight of Birds and the Science of Winds
- Why an Equal-Armed Balance Rests at Equality
- Weights on Angled Cords, and Why Winding Rivers Silt Up
- Converging and Diverging Obliquity; Is Gravity Natural?
- Balance arm in wheel vs air; the accidents of water and air
- Pump and Balance: Weight, Motion and Lifting Water
- The Weighing of Liquids: Oil and Water in Communicating Vessels
- Dredging machine for excavating marsh mud onto boats
- Air pump with valves and a lever to raise water
Paris Manuscript F118 pages
- Water and air trading places in an eddy, and a plan of eddies
- Always note the uses of the science of water; a swimmer's survival
- Small figures whirl most; deep-sinking things obey the eddies least
- In praise of the sun; and Book 10 on reservoir outlets
- The true size of the sun and stars, against Epicurus
- The Double Ebb and Flow of Waves in a Basin
- Eddies, Sediment, and Why a River Is Never Level
- Weight on a Wheel, Clock Timing, and the Shape of a Plunge Pool
- A Mill Sluice with Overflow Channels
- Water Striking Obstacles, and a Refutation of Epicurus on the Sun
- A Program of Questions on Water and Waterwheels
- The 'Ounce' of Water and How Its Flow Can Vary
- Measuring the Sun's Size, and Mocking Epicurus
- How Channel Inlets and Outlets Shift the Current
- How Rivers Carve Mountains from Land Risen from the Sea
- Eddies That Reverse Their Whirling Motion
- Eddies on a riverbed and the sorting of gravel, sand and mud
- Draining coastal ponds with artificial eddies and siphons
- The concavity and usefulness of water eddies
- Carrying mountain soil into marshes to reclaim the valleys
- Why the water walls of an eddy stand higher than its hollow
- Drying sea-bordering ponds with siphons and eddy machines
- Falling water and rising bodies on a moving incline
- Water flow through a nozzle and an eddy-driven machine
- Rising jets of water and a fire-driven lifting device
- On eddies and their utility
- Water eddies for scouring and reclaiming a canal
- Vortices where water strikes a submerged block
- Longitudinal and square-based waves in a canal
- Surface waves and currents that override one another
- Defining the semicolumnar wave and the rebounding wave
- Running water falling into stagnant water over a channel
- Kinds of eddy and how falling waters combine
- Eddies at a river confluence; impressions in flowing water
- Deepening a canal, and a movable weir that scours the bed
- A program of river-current studies; a water-filled spherical lamp
- Waters that cross one another at various angles
- Chapters on eddies and jets of water rising into the air
- Design for a rectangular crystal reading lens
- The earth as a star; sunlight bent through the air
- Why the sphere of water has a spherical surface
- The figure of the elements: refuting Plato's solids
- Sight Spread Through the Pupil; Air Bubbles Rising in Water
- Sunlight Through Water Bubbles; Objects Smaller Than the Pupil
- How an object darkens the pupil's field; notes on still water
- Book 32: fire moving through boiling water; the sun's heat
- Book 42: on rains - clouds, vapours, snow, hail and frost
- Air Enclosed Under Water: Why Bubbles Rise Serpentining
- Is a River's Surface Spherical? Water Along Arc and Chord
- Perspective of Solar Rays: the Sun's Image on Wavy Water
- The Sun's Image Across the Sphere of the Ocean
- Why a lagoon drains to the sea through a narrow channel
- The shapes of waves made by a body moving in water
- Recipes for layered imitation-onyx plaques; canal sketches
- Which water keeps its straight course below a river sluice
- Crossing currents and the paths of objects in a winding river
- A body carried half in the water and half in the air
- A leaf turning in a current; a water wheel struck by falling water
- A wind-rose of directions and obliquities for the water book
- Order of the book: describing water jets by the four winds
- Intersecting Water Jets: Four Effects of Colliding Streams
- The Impetus of Water and Mutual Penetration of Jets
- River Currents and Why Dogs Smell One Another
- Air to Lift Weights, and Water Falling from a River
- Sheet-like Water Around Obstacles in a Swift Current
- Weights in Water, a Potter's-Wheel Clock, and Waves
- Buoyancy in Vessels and the Revolution of River Water
- Motions of Water and the Doubling of the Cube
- The zig-zag motion of the celestial thunderbolt
- If the earth were a perfect sphere the waters would cover it
- The true ounce of water: flow from spouts at different heights
- Bodies turning in currents, birds in the wind, and a crystal hemisphere
- How struck water divides: eddies, angles, and the scoured bank
- Water outlets of different shapes and their discharge
- Thin-walled outlets and the three centres of a body
- Why only nearby waves reflect the sun's image to the eye
- The reflected image of the sun on the sea's waves
- Things carried by water, channel bends and bed erosion
- Waves broken by an obstacle, and reading water by sunlight
- Eddies in rivers: fast and slow whirlpools and their mixing
- Drops of Water and Grasses on the River Bed
- Water Falling Through the Air Twists on Itself
- River Fall and Whether the Sea Sits Higher Than Mountains
- Eddies at a Bend and a River Crossing a Lake
- Do Bodies Weigh More in Air Than Under Water?
- Earth as a moon, gravity of the elements, and membraned water
- Why the earth's center of gravity lies at the world's center
- Sea raised by the sun, discharge and fall, and river eddies
- Membraned water in the air and the persistence of motion in water
- Falling water currents: collisions, planking scour, and rebound
- Bubbling water, wave motion, and eddies from the pool bed
- Springs on Mountain Peaks; Water Falling into a Channel
- Reflection of a Moving Body and the Circular Wave in Water
- The Martesana Canal and Recovering Water through Springs
- River Eddies, Floating Debris, and Scour Beneath a Gate
- Objects Dragged by a Current; Water Checked by an Obstacle
- Water eddies (retrosi): two kinds of vortex in a river
- Falling water: sheets, jets and the mill-wheel vortex
- Water Falling Through Air into a Pool
- Deep-Set Hulls Resist Wind; Water Boiling at a Drop
- Why the Sphere of Water Is Perfectly Round
- Moon Spots, the Levelling Earth, and Canal Waves
- Why Heavy Bodies Fall: Water in a Bent Tube
- Water Against an Oblique Obstacle; Air Behind a Falling Body
- Plan for the water treatise; impetus and how birds ride air
- Book 9: water surging under a sluice-gate; how air condenses
- Concave versus convex canals; a spoked hydraulic wheel
- River waves: vortices, bank reflections, and their crossings
- River-wave patterns around central, lateral and oblique obstacles
- Columnar waves over obstacles in a river channel
- River waves striking eddies at a widened bank
- Four cases of widened and narrowed river banks
- Eddies formed by a sudden widening of the channel
- Semi-columnar and unequal columnar waves
- Collisions of columnar waves of equal and unequal force
- Waves in a canal: reflected motion and the semicolumnar wave
- Water against an obstacle and the rise of falling water
- Flow in a long narrow-mouthed ditch; light, distance and vision
Paris Manuscript G22 pages
- Head of a Horse; a Horse Running Through Water
- Why water in a straight river runs an oblique, bank-to-bank course
- Ripening seed in sunlight, and testing the fineness of waters
- Why the Ocean does not soak into the land
- Siphons and Trick Drinking Vessels; Warm vs. Cold Water
- Water-wheel machine for polishing a concave form
- A lake's sudden outflow, and a quicksilver siphon to make fire
- Why the Sea Is Salt: Against Pliny's Explanations
- The Salt of the Sea, Continued; and How Not to Bore a Listener
- On the Tremor of the Earth; a Bird Gliding Under the Wind
- On the Motion of Ships; Water Wearing Away Its Banks
- Draining harbours by caissons; a rotating profile-template
- Relative motion of an arrow at sea, and measuring a ship's speed
- Motion of a Body Pouring or Falling onto a Moving Site
- Colliding Winds; Doubling Squares, Circles and Lunes
- Whether water can rise from the sea to the mountain tops
- Red-chalk study of cascading water and waves
- Figures of Waves: Dyed Water Falling into Clear
- The Infinite Motions Within Running Water
- Water-raising machine: wheel, pump and square frame
- Wheel machine in water, with a note on tides
- Squaring the circle; a water-raising machine and pulleys
Paris Manuscript H111 pages
- River and sand studies, with a Latin conjugation of 'amare'
- Mass of water and sand, in red chalk
- Chameleon and crow, with a stone in swirling water
- Viola organista parts; channel eddies and riverbed
- Orbital-trestle crane and the yearly water cycle
- How river water carries and deposits sand and silt
- Mill channels and how water strikes the wheel
- Waves over the riverbed and the shifting of sand
- Water rings from thrown stones; the 'More' emblem
- Decorative knotwork with a confluence of watercourses
- Water, waves and sand around a stone
- Tilting crucibles and a watercourse detail
- Interlace knot designs and a river-bed sediment profile
- Single-piece arch between two blocks; water and bank erosion
- Voussoir arch of sixteen stones and a forking watercourse
- Bending of arched supports and a gravel-and-water study
- Pyramidal heaps of pebbles and the level of water
- River scouring, gravel deposition, and a foundation figure
- Vines of Vigevano and a Building Plan on a Canal
- Mill Wheel and Double Timber Trestle for a Watercourse
- Hinges and a River Barrage: Iron Worn by Running Water
- How a Submerged Obstacle Sheds Sand
- Allegory of Foul Repute, with a River-Bed Profile
- A Dog Bearing a Message, a Two-Span Bridge and a Confluence
- Laundry building and the erosion of a divided current
- Dynamometer with weights, river-flow notes, and a knot
- Where a river drops its sediment
- How long objects travel in a canal current
- Eddies of water and where currents shed their load
- Sluice gate seen from the front and in plan
- Rules of appearance for the eye, and crossing water currents
- River currents, water level, and an apparatus of cylinders
- Canal profiles, falling water, and the Vigevano pavilion
- Water courses and the beds of rivers
- The oyster, the rat and the cat; gauging raised water
- How rising water thins; a two-braccia waterfall diagram
- Turbid water, river banks, and gold-panning in the Ticino
- Swift water dives under slow, and sorts sand from gravel
- Water Vessel and the Deepening of a Falling Stream
- Descending Canal: the Upper Water Overtakes the Lower
- Watercourse: Depth Traded for Width and for Speed
- Canal Profile: Rebounds, Dragged Air, and the Falling Surface
- Which Canal Discharges More? Faster Flow at the Surface
- Straight Descent versus Winding Descent of Equal Length
- Channel on a Slope and Four Equal Outlet Holes
- Canal Barrier with Three Openings a, b, c
- Water Spouting at Different Levels; Force of Impact
- Channel Slopes and Falling Balls: Doubling of Motion
- Channel and Flow Diagrams in Red Chalk
- A System of Channels: Equal Slope Gives Equal Speed
- Falling water in sloping channels: speed versus length
- Fame rises, infamy falls; and which water strikes harder
- Grinding mill, paddle-wheel beam frame and channel profile
- Water Through a Narrowing Channel
- The Blow of Water and the Sorting of Stones
- Water Striking a Mill Wheel
- 'Death Before Loss of Freedom': the Goldfinch Emblem
- Eddies and Scouring Around Stones in a Current
- Fall of the Martigiana canal and a river-bed depth note
- The stepped cascade of the Sforzesca
- Shadow gradation and gravel on the river bed
- 'On the Soul': the reach of motion, sound, and mind
- Water speed on a slope, and the height of waves
- Eddies Gnawing Canal Banks; Light Beyond the Mountains
- Currents, Waves, and the Weight of Water
- Curved Water-Lines and a Ship's Displacement
- Intersecting Jets of Water and Wine
- Colliding Currents Fight and Ruin the Banks
- Eye at an Aperture and Water Rebounding at Equal Angles
- Barrier Across a Canal and a Balance of Force
- Confluence of Two Currents
- Two Water Wheels and a Hydraulic Pump
- Weight pushing sideways; converging water jets
- River gravel and the force of a paddle wheel
- Climbing stairs and the gathering centre of an eddy
- Water conduit and the balance of forces on a wheel
- Water seeking its centre; weak and vigorous waterfalls
- Lock-gates, reflections in water, and the science of shadow
- Slower water at the banks; why the air is blue; fading motion
- Buying water by the ounce; how natural motion speeds up
- Elements of the folding wooden pavilion of Vigevano
- Pavilion corner and bolt; water falling over an angle
- Water wheels: which the current drives best
- Canal-boat in a vaulted gallery, with a stepped well
- The blow of a club, a balance, and a river's surface
- River-bed studies: still water and a waterfall with eddies
- Eddies in a river and a gravel bed
- Hydraulic wheel and eddies below a fall of water
- Two channels compared and water falling into water
- Balance with weights and the curved rebound of water
- How a straight channel scours its own bed
- Why a constriction destroys a channel's bed and banks
- Surface water flows freer than the water beneath
- River currents: width, depth and reversed flow
- Canal with two outlets; water that reverses its course
- Allegory of Il Moro; two water-wheels compared
- A canal narrows, a framed pavilion, and clouds in motion
- A branching canal; 'we make our life by others' death'
- Method for the waters, a roller gear and a columned frame
- On painting: the shifting highlight; a millstone's power
- Buoyancy: displaced water equals the weight it sustains
- Deeper channels flow faster; weights resting on a cord
- A screw-driven machine; water flows fastest at the surface
- Water as the vital humour of the earthly machine
- Water's circulation through the body of the earth
- Water Overflowing Its Barriers Undermines the Dike
- Hydraulic conduit with a filling-and-emptying sequence
- Timber joints, a screw device, and a water-weight query
- River-bed studies, jotted aphorisms and numbers
- River bend and waterfall: which current is faster
- Back-eddies that lay down earth, with sums and a cart part
Paris Manuscript I82 pages
- Intersecting circles, with the rule of branching trees and waters
- Circle Constructions and a Water-Filled Pipe
- A Pipe Projecting Water, and Lines Drawn to a Circle
- Screw-and-wheel gearing driven by a water wheel
- Plan of canal lock-basins and a defensive earth embankment
- Lifting mechanism; plan of the Milan castle moats
- Water wheel and spiral screw pumps
- Latin Verb 'To Be' and a Plan to Flood a Castle
- Section of a watercourse; a note of a weaver
- Waterwheel and lantern-gear pinion
- Cross-section of a watercourse bed: tufa, sand and mud
- Why water climbs a mound of earth; deflecting river currents
- Ricochet of a Stone and a Water Vortex
- Where Three Currents Meet: A Sudden Deep
- Waterfall and a River Bed Scoured into a Well
- Water Around a River Rock: Sand Deposits and Whirlpools
- Why a River Erodes Its Bed and Banks
- Rebounding Water Mixed with Air; the Wind Circius
- A River Whirlpool and an Anemometer (Wind-Vane)
- Why Water Leaps Higher Than Its Fall: Air in the Bubbles
- River Bed and a Cascade Carving the Bank
- Cascade and the Boiling-Up of Water
- A Lexicon of Water's Motions
- River Features Defined, with a List of Water's Actions
- Beginning of the Book of Waters
- The Jet from a Draining Barrel
- How a Cross-Current Breaks a Riverbank and Sorts the Debris
- Water Undercutting a Bank into a Cavern
- The Threefold Motion by Which Rising Water Scours a Bank
- How Water Deepens and Scours Where a River Narrows
- Floods, Rolling Stones and a Scour Hole at a Florentine Mill
- Collision of Discrete and Continuous Quantities
- Boiling Upwellings in Rivers; Section of the Elements
- Why Boiling Upwellings Are Intermittent
- Whirlpools and How River Water Strikes Different Beds
- How Eddies Form and Consume the Water's Impetus
- Collision of Currents of Unequal Size and Speed
- The Great Eddy: How Floating Bodies Move on Water
- Vortices in a turning current, with clamped and joined rods
- Latin declensions, with three red-chalk mechanical figures
- Air submerged in water and its violent return to the surface
- Waterfall and rebound: air carried down among the water's coils
- Collision of water masses; a crescent-shaped bed and river bends
- Canal bottoms of various forms and the fall of water
- Straightening a slow, winding river
- How floodwater lifts, carries and deposits sediment
- How a river scours and deposits along its bed
- Cavities scoured in a riverbed (c, n, m, r)
- Water leaps and why bombards outrange small guns
- The Crossbow: When the Arrow Leaves the Cord
- Do Meeting Water-Waves Penetrate or Rebound?
- Ripples in Still Water Versus a Moving River
- A Programme of Questions on Moving Water
- How to classify every motion and impact of water
- On waves: twelve kinds of waves and eddies
- Does a bend in the race change the force that turns a mill?
- Why a plunging river runs faster on top; a glass tank test
- A small drop resting on level and sloping planes
- Why water moves; a drop's weight on level and sloping planes
- Water Speeding Through a Narrowed Channel
- Springs and Cataracts That Feed the Rivers
- On motion: heavy bodies sustain their movement; the long-jumper's trick
- A waterfall striking, rebounding, and hollowing its bed
- Crossing currents and how a river's speed thins its water
- Smoke in air, and the currents and percussion of water in rivers
- A jet of water rising after striking an obstacle
- Why the rebound of falling water never equals its descent
- Rebound of falling water and a glass-walled vessel
- Air blown under water; two rivers compared by length
- Dividing the power of rivers, and of divided forces
- Collision of two streams of water
- Experiments on Water Rebounding in a Level Channel
- Bouncing Balls and Rebounding Water: Discrete vs Continuous
- Wave Motion If Water Were a Discrete Quantity
- Constriction, Bifurcation and Confluence of a Water Course
- Repeated Confluence and Divergence of River Currents
- On the Crest and the Trough of a Wave
- Water in Waves: Rising, Falling, and Slowing
- Water Striking an Obstacle; a Counterweight Catapult
- A River Deflected at Its Bank; the Cimitrilla's Throw
- Jets from a Vase; Water Curling Past a Submerged Rock
- The rebounding of river water
Paris Manuscript K32 pages
- Water, the carrier of nature; a horn-shaped mountain cavity
- How a Falling Water Droplet Rebounds on Impact
- The Rivers: Simple and Compound Motion of Water
- Why an older water-wave forms a wider circle than a younger one
- A programme to record how water scours and silts riverbeds and banks
- Eddies and the Middle Water in a Canal
- Two Waters Meeting at a Common Outlet
- Water Pouring from the Base of a Tank
- Water Flowing Between Two Tanks
- Bifurcation of Watercourses: Flux and Reflux
- Two Waters Meeting: Right and Left Eddies
- Water Courses, a Fountainhead, and Arcs in a Square
- Stepped Water Conduits and an Elbow Conduit
- Conduits Raising Water and the Power of Its Mover
- Jets from Tubes: Uniform vs. Non-Uniform Openings
- Descending Water and the Current in an Elbow Channel
- River Ferry at the Port of Cassano
- The Conduit and Siphon of the Garden of Blois
- Winding Stretch of a River
- Keeping Gravel Out of Canal Mouths
- Why Does Water Move Through a River?
- Oblique River Banks and the Force of the Current
- Canal Outlet, Pump and Conduit, and a Water Vortex
- Water Falling Free Through Air versus Falling in a Conduit
- A Cistern with Equal Inlet and Outlet Vents
- Cistern Flow: The Depth of Inlet and Outlet Below the Surface
- The Swiftest Channel Section Is a Half Circle
- How wind builds a double wave on water
- Regulating the Naviglio: sluice-mouths and mill water
- The canal mouths high and low: where the water flows
- Light-ray diagram; the force of falling water and a mill paddle
- Two vessels draining water in changing proportion
Paris Manuscript L24 pages
- Rebounding water jets, an Arno distance, and a list of reminders
- Waves on a sloping shore; plan and a Piombino note
- Plan with a drain and a master drain
- River silt, the earth's shifting centre, and a vision test
- Triangular figures, a water-filled vessel, and a driven wedge
- Pouring vessels and pulley systems
- Drawing water from a deep well with a short rope
- Timber cribwork for a water-retaining bastion
- Water clock, rotating device and ditch-digging schemes
- Wine press, water clock and a flow vessel
- How a Constricted River Rises and Erodes
- Protecting the Arno embankment at Rusciano from waves
- Clashing currents and the hollowed embankment
- Sediment carried by rivers, and the winding of floodwaters
- How a weir's fall shapes a river's windings
- Pier struck by water: scour and a protective base
- River meanders, a pulley, and a crenellated building
- Fortification plans and an inverted water study
- Wind in a sail, and two equal bodies on an inclined plane
- Counterweight and pulley on an incline, and a water-wheel
- Canal barriers, plank joints, and a spoked-wheel mechanism
- Undershot water wheel and board joints
- A winding river and timber-joint studies
- Of water and air; the harmony of falling water
Paris Manuscript M15 pages
- Why water over sand makes uneven waves — and what it proves about air
- Does a ship move with its wave, or with the wind that drives it?
- Descent of a Heavy Body and the Eddying Air Around It
- How Falling Things Break Apart: Beams, Stones, and Grain
- A Thinning Stream of Liquid Divides as It Falls
- Falling Bodies and the Paradox of a Pouring River
- Water Screws, a Drawbridge, and a Powder Question
- How Water Sorts and Moves Sand on the River Bed
- How Falling Water Sorts Sand by Size and Weight
- Sand Waves and Crossed Currents in Rivers
- The fish's tail as propeller; contact of two currents
- Two water currents contending: an eddy at their meeting
- Side view of two flows meeting: the prevailing eddy
- Water Spouting from Siphons of Different Nozzles
- The waterwheel as a motor of constant power