Water Striking an Obstacle; a Counterweight Catapult
A turbulent jet issuing from an opening, and a swinging-arm engine below
The upper part of the sheet shows a dense mass of water bursting from an opening and breaking against an obstacle, drawn as a tangle of curling, foaming lines. Below it Leonardo sketches a catapult: an arm carrying two heavy round counterweights, pivoted on a stand, one weight resting and the other raised on the inclined arm. The two editorial captions name the water study and the catapult; no running text was transcribed for this page, and faint offset writing shows through from the facing leaf.
On this page
A mass of water from an opening striking an obstacle
A broad, churning body of water is shown pouring from an opening at the left and piling up as it meets an obstacle. Leonardo renders the impact with layered, spiralling strokes that suggest foam and back-flow. The caption identifies it as a mass of water that, having left an opening, strikes an obstacle.
Counterweight catapult on a pivoted arm
The lower drawing shows a throwing engine whose arm carries two large spherical counterweights, mounted on a low stand. One weight hangs on the vertical support while the other rides the raised, inclined arm across the pivot. The caption labels it simply as a catapult.