Sealed well — full of white vinegar. Take tin in Flemish sheets and lay it over the stars (above the stars). Figured above.

Every weight weighs along the line of its motion and, standing still, weighs along that line by which it desires to move.

Tell me ...

Day of Saint Ambrose, 36 soldi, from the morning on Thursday.

20 — 20. If a man forces with his shoulder against something that resists, the weight of that force returns to his feet, and if the thing at his feet gives way, it will move by the force of the man's stretching and by the man's own weight. But if at the same time the thing touched by the shoulder should give way, and if that yielding turned with its motion in favour of the motion made by the man, would what is then done with the shoulder not fail at the feet? Certainly yes, and I will give this example. A crossbow stands bent by a force of 400 pounds, in place of a cord, between two pillars, and it seems each pillar feels 200 pounds; so if one of these pillars has weight enough to resist those 200 pounds, the crossbow ought to stay fixed in its force and not throw, as it does, that pillar to the ground.

200

97

1 1 00 12 / 41 41 131 23 / 165 165 2879 1182 / 0 2 5 1 / 2824 2824 5329 152 5 2 7777 235 4 6 / 5329 149 5329 3555 3333 / 3555 3555 33 33 / 33 33 [worked figures].

Why the current of Spain is always greater toward the west than toward the east. The reason is that if you put together the mouths of the rivers that empty into this Mediterranean sea, you will find a greater sum of water than that which the sea pours out through the strait into the ocean. You see Africa discharging into it the rivers that run northward, among which is the Nile, which waters 3000 miles of Africa; there are the Bagrada river and the Mauretanian and others like them; Europe pours into it the Don and the Danube, the Po and the Rhone, the Arno and the Tiber; so it is clear these rivers, together with countless rivers of lesser fame, make a greater width, depth and course than the sea that is narrowed to 18 miles, which in the last land of the west divides Europe from Africa. And if you should say that the rivers emptying into the ocean were as many, certainly the aforenamed rivers nearly all rise from mountains near the ocean, and if those mountains pour any river into it, it will not, for its nearness, be of so long a course as the Nile and the Danube; and if there is any likeness, consider that these rivers, emptying into the ocean, can give it little increase to restore the current toward the east, since there is always lifted up into the clouds a greater sum than the rivers put in. Those clouds, gathering, press the air with swift motion among the other air, in the likeness of a hand that squeezes a sponge of water within other water, so that the water which flees makes room for the other.

Water moves within water with the same ease that air moves within air, though more slowly, as is seen in the ripples. Proposition. The breaking and ruin of the banks will happen in various ways according to the variety of the bed that receives the blow of the falling water.

The sculptor cannot represent transparent or luminous things.

This ship will not be able to leave. If the sea-storm runs above toward the east, it will run below toward the west.

Water that falls from high to low will make a deep pool, which will always grow, and often its banks will fall back into it. And the reason is that the water which falls upon the other water, by the speed of its blow and its weight, makes room for itself and comes to pass down to the bottom, where it hollows out; and by the percussion and by the air which in falling it submerges together with itself, it comes to re-surge and rise up on high by various ways, which make a bubbling; and the percussion of the water against the bank will be circular, and in a circle the surrounding shores will be gnawed and consumed.

m – e d – c b a. If the water m falls at [a], it will run to b and then c [and then] e. The water that falls from [m to] b will leap at b, and this happens when the bed is stable.

Water wants a fall of one foot every 3 miles, and if no wind drives it, being of equal width and depth, it will move 10 braccia per hour. And if it falls 2 feet in 3 miles, it will move 20 braccia per hour; and so it will do progressively, that by doubling the fall the motion is doubled.

Po – Adriatic Sea.

The water that is wanting through the current in the two opposite Mediterranean seas, who receives it? There is no current except in the seas that lead to the ocean. The Caspian Sea and marshes have no current. In the time that the Indian Mediterranean runs toward the east, the western Mediterranean runs toward the west.