Centre of gravity and a device for weighing water
The 'soul of weights'; a flexible vessel bottom and a cistern-and-pipe test
The page opens with Leonardo's account of the second species of centre — the single centre of natural gravity within every body, which he calls 'the soul of weights' because it guides all their motions and would settle at the centre of the universe if the body ran free through the air. Below, he describes an apparatus for weighing water: a vessel with a movable bottom fastened by leather to its rim, like a lantern of waxed cloth, whose bottom carries at its middle the cord of a balance. A further note and a labelled figure (peso, a n m, acqua) analyse how a weight pressing on a closed cistern drives water up a narrow pipe in proportion to the pipe's bore. Small pen sketches of the weighing devices run down the right side of the sheet.
On this page
The single centre of natural gravity, 'the soul of weights'
The second species of centre is, in each body, unique and single, residing without occupying any place at the middle of the body's natural gravity, so that a straight cut through it always leaves the parts of equal weight. Leonardo calls it 'the soul of weights' because, wherever it dwells, it guides the body's motions and joins the centre of the path made through the air.
Weighing water with a leather-bottomed vessel
A way of weighing water: make the bottom of a vessel movable, fastened with leather to the lips of the vessel in the manner of a lantern of waxed cloth. All the water rests upon that bottom, which carries at its middle the cord of a balance.
Water driven up a pipe by pressure on a cistern
The weight pressing upon the cistern drives up the exhalation pipe as much water as equals the part of the weight bearing over the pipe's entry, the pipe being uniform in bore. If the pipe fits a thousand times into the cistern walls, the pressing weight employs only the thousandth part above its entry, though it acts more strongly downward than crosswise.
