d c b a; a b c d e f
The motion a b, with the blow of the hammer, drives the wedge b into f. The wedge e is twice as thick; it wants twice the power, which power will be doubled in two ways, of which the first is to double the weight of the hammer and the second is to double the descent of the said hammer.
And thus one must increase the weight of the hammer and of its motion according to the increase of the aforesaid wedge.
Therefore, not wishing to increase the weight of the hammer, which is at a, you may be certain that if by one of its blows it drives home the whole wedge b, then, falling from the same place, it will drive home all the wedges that are below it, and especially if the proportions of the thicknesses of such wedges are according to the proportions of the distances they have from the first front of the wedge, which by a single blow of the said hammer was driven wholly home.

Such will be the proportion of the percussions made by the natural descent of heavy bodies as that of their motions.
Such will be the proportion that the percussions made by heavy bodies have among themselves as that of the lengths of their natural motions.
Such will be the magnitude of the percussion as the length of the motion made by the percussor.
Such will be the magnitude of the percussion as the length of the natural motion made by the percussor.
Such will be the proportion that the percussions have among themselves as that of the lengths of their natural motions.
If the wedge, struck by a power, opens its receptacle by so much space ...
If the wedge, struck by natural motion through a certain space by a certain power, dilates its receptacle by a certain space, a doubled power in half the motion will open the same receptacle of the same wedge by the aforesaid space.

The percussion made by the natural descent of the heavy body will, in the same descent, be doubled by a double weight of the same thickness as the first, or by a double descent of that first weight.
The percussion, made by the natural descent of a heavy body, will be doubled by a double weight of the same thickness and descent in the same motion, and by a double motion with the same weight.
Here I mean equal thickness.
The power of the percussion, made by the natural descent of a heavy body, will be doubled by a double weight of the same thickness and descent, or by a double descent with the same weight.

What difference is there between the pinions and wheels above and those below?