Arrow shot from a rowed ship: motion doubled
A lettered diagram on compound motion, with a bow and its trajectory
A lettered diagram (points a, b, c, d, e, f, g) accompanies a note on compound motion: an arrow shot from a ship driven by oars while ship and arrow travel the same course. Leonardo reasons that when both move together with equal motion, the arrow's motion becomes double in quantity and speed to that of the ship, and the arrow ends as far from the ship as if it had been shot on firm ground. A bow with its string, an arrow and ruled trajectory lines with a hanging plumb are drawn among further faint writing.
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Compound motion of arrow and ship (a-g)
Labeling the geometry with the letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, Leonardo argues that if an arrow is shot from a ship moved by oars so that arrow and ship run the same course with equal motion, the arrow's motion is always double in quantity and speed to the ship's; and the arrow comes to rest as far from the ship as if it had been shot on firm ground.
Bow, arrow and trajectory lines
A bow with its drawn string and an arrow are sketched at the center, together with ruled trajectory lines meeting at labeled points and a small hanging plumb, illustrating the path discussed in the note.